PAST SIMPLE by Petra Halfarov PAST SIMPLE Minul
PAST SIMPLE by Petra Halfarová
PAST SIMPLE Minulý čas prostý by Petra Halfarová
regular verbs (minulý tvar pravidelných sloves) What is the past tense of these regular verbs? work look want stop plan prefer live decide use study try play
- ed we form the past tense by adding -ed worked looked wanted started
-d if a verb ends in „-e“ we only add d lived decided used liked
short verbs ending C (consonant) V (vowel) C (consonant) with a stress on the last syllable double the last consonant and add – ed stopped planned preferred log in / out logged in / out
if the verb ends with – y and before –y there’s a C (consonant), “y” changes into “i” + -ed … y study try worry carry reply marry fry empty cry copy i + ed studied tried worried carried replied married fried emptied cried copied
if the verb ends in – y and there’s a vowel before it, we add –ed only play annoy enjoy employ pray stay x-ray played annoyed enjoyed employed prayed stayed x-rayed
Pronunciation if the sound of the verb in present ends with –t or – d, we pronounce the past form /id/ want start decide wanted started decided /wɒntɪd / /stɑːt. Id/ /dɪˈsaɪdɪd/
Irregular verbs � English has about 600 irregular verbs – that means that these verbs don’t take –ed in past form, but have a special form � there’s a list of the most used ones in your textbook have make put had made put buy bought think thought give gave
Positive sentences �the I you he she it form is the same for all persons swam swam we swam you swam they swam
Examples of positive sentences. We swam in the river yesterday. She drove all the way home. Mick saw the accident. They decided to move to Vienna. I went to the cinema on Monday. The shop closed at 8 pm last night. He studied Biology at university. The computer broke down.
Negative sentences � the form is the same for all persons � we make the past negative by an auxiliary verb (DID) + negative (NOT) + the main verb in the basic form I you he she it didn’t didn’t swim swim we didn’t swim you didn’t swim they didn’t swim
Examples of negative sentences I didn’t believe him. She didn’t go to school last week. Lenny didn’t eat the sandwich. We didn’t want to go there. It didn’t rain on Sunday. They didn’t know the answer. Mr. and Mrs. Thorn didn’t arrive on time. The students didn’t pass the test.
Questions � the form is the same for all persons � we make a question, by using an auxiliary verb (DID) and a main verb in the basic form Did I swim…. ? Did you swim…. ? Did he swim…? Did she swim…? Did it swim…? Did we swim…? Did you swim…? Did they swim…?
Wh- questions Where did you live? Why did she come late? How far did you walk? When did you get up this morning? Who did they see there? How many people did they employ last year? How often did your parents visit you in hospital? What did he say?
Short answers � We use short answers to answer Yes / No questions. We only use the auxiliary verb. Did you see her? Did they answer? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t. Did it snow? Yes, it did. / No, it didn’t. Did I really say that? Yes, you did. / No, you didn’t. Did you close the door? Yes, mum, we did.
- Slides: 17