Passive Sonar Loralee Williams UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED

Passive Sonar Loralee Williams UNCLASSIFIED

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Topics �What is sonar �Snell’s Law �Factors for ranges/how it is measured �Military history of sonar �Passive sonar - types -how it is used UNCLASSIFIED

What is sonar? �Sonar is actually not a word but an acronym SOund Navigation And Ranging UNCLASSIFIED

Snell’s Law Sound is LAZY. It wants to take the slowest route possible. Example: Thunder and Lightning UNCLASSIFIED

Factors for Ranges. ØTemperature ØDepth/Pressure ØSalinity 4388 + (11. 25 × temperature (in °F)) + (0. 0182 × depth (in feet)) + salinity (in parts-per-thousand ) UNCLASSIFIED

Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) UNCLASSIFIED

XBT Drop UNCLASSIFIED

Sonar and the Military � World War I- 1915 passive systems to locate submarines � World War II- saw the first active sonar systems � 1945 - sonobuoys UNCLASSIFIED

Passive Sonar UNCLASSIFIED

Types of Passive Sonar �AN/SQS-53 C Hull Mounted Sonar �AN/SQR-19 Towed. Array Sonar �AN/SQQ-28 LAMPS MK III Sonobuoy Processing System �AN/AQS-13 F Dipping Sonar �Undersea Surveillance System (IUSS) UNCLASSIFIED

A sound wave turned into a digital picture. UNCLASSIFIED

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What can be determined with passive sonar? �Blade rate �Shaft rate �# of blades �Cylinder firing rate �# of cylinders �Power plant �Turbine rate �‘Fog horns’ UNCLASSIFIED

Waterfall Display Power Plant 50/60 HZ Engine UNCLASSIFIED

BIG TROUBLE!!!!!! UNCLASSIFIED

Review �What is sonar �Snell’s Law �Factors for ranges/how it is measured �The military history of sonar �Passive sonar - types -how it is used UNCLASSIFIED

Work cited Basic Sonar System. " Federation of American Scientists. 18 Apr. 2009 <http: //www. fas. org/man/dod 101/navy/docs/es 310/asw_sys. htm>. "MMAD - Products - Kaon Ltd. " Home - Kaon Ltd. 19 Apr. 2009 <http: //www. kaon. co. uk/mmad. asp>. "NOAA/AOML UOTC What is an XBT? " University of North Carolina Wilmington. 20 Apr. 2009 <http: //www. uncwil. edu/CMSR/capefear/tech/XBT. htm>. "Refraction and Snell's Law. " 12 Apr. 2009 <http: //www. ndted. org/Education. Resources/Community. College/Ultrasonics/Physics/refractionsnells. htm>. "Review - 688 Submarine Simulation. " Easynet Connect - Quality Business Internet Access. 15 Apr. 2009 <http: //easyweb. easynet. co. uk/~ianboys/688 rev. htm>. "Sonar -. " Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 17 Apr. 2009 <http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sonar>. "Torpedo Hit (ABC Science). " ABC. net. au. 21 Apr. 2009 <http: //www. abc. net. au/science/articles/2005/09/01/1448475. htm>. "Understanding Sonar. " The U. S. Navy. 15 Apr. 2009 <http: //www. navy. mil/oceans/sonar. html>.