Passive infinitive Sample sentences 1 It is said

Passive + infinitive

Sample sentences: 1. It is said that he knows some very influential people. • He is said to know some very influential people. 2. It is believed that Tom is leaving the company. • Tom is believed to be leaving the company. 3. It is claimed that the old lady lost her wallet on the way home from the market. • The old lady is claimed to have lost her wallet on her way home from the market.

Types of infinitive: • 1. SIMPLE PRESENT INFINITIVE: (to) study, (to) work • 2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS INFINITIVE: (to) be studying, (to) be working • 3. PERFECT INFINITIVE: (to) have studied, (to) have worked • 4. PERFECT CONTINUOUS INFINITIVE: (to) have been studying, (to) have been working

Form: 1. It is said that he is a very rich man. 2. He is said to be a very rich man. passive + infinitive

Form: 1. It is said that the prices 2. The prices to be rising. are said passive are rising. + infinitive

Form: 1. It is said that the old lady 2. The old lady lost a lot of money. is said to have lost a lot of money. passive + infinitive

1. To refer to the present or future we use present simple infinitive. • It is believed that he is a good psychologist. • He is believed to be a good psychologist. 2. To refer to an activity in progress at the moment of speaking or in the future we use present continuous infinitive. • It is said that the prices are rising. • The prices are said to be rising.

3. To refer to the past we use perfect infinitive. • • It is said that they suffered from an unknown disease. They are said to have suffered from an unknown disease. 4. To refer to an activity in progress in the past we use perfect continuous infinitive. • It is said that they were suffering from an unknown disease. • They are said to have been suffering from an unknown disease.

Present simple infinitive 1. It is claimed that he is the richest man in Serbia. • He is clamed to be the richest man in Serbia. 2. It is expected that this shop will move its premises to London next year. • This shop is expected to move its premises to London next year.

Present continuous infinitive 1. It is rumoured that they are planning a new strike this week. • They are rumoured to be planning a new strike this week. 2. It is believed that he will be staying in Paris for five days. • He is believed to be staying in Paris for five days.

Perfect infinitive 1. It is thought that he made a lot of money last year. • He is thought to have made a lot of money last year. 2. It is clamed that prices have risen again. • Prices are claimed to have risen again.

Perfect continuous infinitive 1. They believe she has been writing songs for years. She is believed to have been writing songs for years. 2. Everybody thinks the organizers were preparing the exhibition for years. The organizers are thought to have been preparing the exhibition for days.

We use the passive + infinitive: 1. when the statement is speculative (the information is not confirmed) 2. mainly in newspaper reporting 3. with verbs such as: SAY THINK ALLEGE CONSIDER BELIEVE REPORT RUMOUR SUPPOSE KNOW EXPECT UNDERSTAND…

REMEMBER • If the reporting and the reported action happen at the same time, we use present simple or continuous infinitives. • If the reported action happens earlier than the reporting itself, we use perfect or perfect continuous infinitives.

1. They say this football coach is strict but fair. This football coach is said to be …. . 2. They think Vincent is living in Paris at the moment. Vincent is thought to be living…. . 3. They believe he has never smiled at anyone. He is believed never to have smiled …. . 4. They believe she was stealing the money. She is believed to have been stealing….

5. People think that neither side wanted divorce. Neither side is thought to have wanted …. 6. It is believed that the Chinese invented gunpowder. The Chinese are believed to have invented …. . 7. It is believed that the ship did not sustain any damage. The ship is believed not to have sustained …… 8. Everyone knows that eating fruit is good for you. Eating fruit is known to be good for you.

REPORTING VERBS AND PASSIVE BY USING INFINITIVE PHRASES 1. People say this restaurant is the best in town. The restaurant. . . . 2. They think the castle originally belonged to the Mc. Donald family. The castle. . . . . 3. Everybody knows that our guests like red wine. Our guests. . . . 4. They claim that the company lost millions of dollars. The company. . . .

REPORTING VERBS AND PASSIVE BY USING INFINITIVE PHRASES 5. They consider that Scotland is a great destination. Scotland. . . . . 6. Journalist report that thieves destroyed the painting. Thieves. . . . . 7. People believe that the tourist bureau is efficient. The tourist bureau. . . . 8. Experts think that Van Gogh made the painting in 1888. Van Gogh. . . . .