PASCALS PRINCIPLE Bernoullis Principle Pascals Principle In the
PASCAL’S PRINCIPLE Bernoulli’s Principle
Pascal’s Principle • In the 1600 s, a French mathematician, Blaise Pascal developed a principle to explain how pressure is transmitted in a fluid • Pascal discovered that pressure increases by the same amount throughout an enclosed or confined fluid • Pascal’s Principle states that when force is applied to a confined fluid, the change in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid. • A prime example of Pascal’s Principle being used is a hydraulic system
Wright Brothers • In December 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright became the first to fly a plane at Kitty Hawk, NC • The first flight lasted 12 seconds and traveled more than 36 meters • The Wright brothers had spent time experimenting with different wing shapes and surfaces. They even studied the flight of birds
Pressure and Moving Fluids • A fluid naturally flows from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure • In the 1700 s, Swiss scientist Daniel Bernoulli discovered that the pressure of a moving fluid is different than the pressure of a fluid at rest • Bernoulli’s Principle states that the pressure of a fluid decreases when the speed of that fluid increases
Objects in Flight • Objects can be designed so that their shapes cause air to move at different speeds above and below them • If the air moves faster above the object, fluid pressure pushes the object upward • If the air moves faster below the object, the fluid pressure pushes the object downward • The wing of an airplane is designed to produce lift, or an upward force
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