Parts of Speech There are eight parts of

Parts of Speech There are eight parts of speech: noun adverb pronoun preposition verb interjection adjective conjunction

Parts of Speech • Noun – names a person, place, thing, or idea boy, dog, Louisiana, pencil, love, peace • Subject – the key noun or nouns that tells what the sentence is about The crazy boy screamed loudly.

Parts of Speech • Verb – a word that expresses action or a state of being know, walk, see, be, are • Predicate – verb or verbs that express the essential thought about the subject of the sentence. The crazy boy screamed loudly.

Diagramming Start by drawing a horizontal and vertical line: Simple subject Simple predicate

Diagramming The boy walked A mean dog barked loudly. dog barked

Diagramming Imperative Sentences – sentence that gives a command; the subject is understood “you” Clean your room now! (you) clean

Diagramming Questions – turn the sentence around to make it a declarative sentence. Are you going to the party? You are going to the party. you are going

Diagramming Diagram the following sentences: 1. A loud bird chirped. 2. The family traveled to Florida. 3. Answer the phone. 4. A horse galloped quickly. 5. Did you see that movie yet?

Parts of Speech • Adjective – modifies, or describes, a noun or pronoun by providing more information or giving a specific detail. It tells what kind, how many, which one. funny, red, five, this, lazy • Article – the adjectives a, an, the.

Diagramming Place adjectives, including articles, on a slanted line beneath the word they modify. Simple subject Adjective Simple predicate

Diagramming The boy walked e Th A mean dog barked n ea m A

Diagramming Diagram the following sentences: 1. A loud bird chirped. 2. The big family traveled. 3. Crazy boys ran. 4. A large horse galloped. 5. The happy friends laughed.

Parts of Speech • Adverb – modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. They tell how, where, when, or to what extent. They often end in –ly. • slowly, quickly, joyfully • yesterday, tomorrow, never • very, incredibly, quite • here, there

Diagramming An adverb that modifies a verb: subject verb ad ve rb

Diagramming The boy walked slowly. boy Th e walked slo wl y

Diagramming An adverb that modifies an adjective: subject ad je ad ctiv e ve rb verb

Diagramming A very wild horse galloped quickly. horse A wi ld ve ry galloped qu ick ly

Diagramming An adverb that modifies an adverb: subject verb ad v er ad ve b rb

Diagramming The boy walked very slowly. boy Th e walked slo wl y ve ry

Diagramming Diagram the following sentences: 1. A very loud bird chirped nicely. 2. The quite big family traveled. 3. The very crazy boys ran quickly. 4. Today, a large horse galloped. 5. The happy friends laughed very loudly.

Pronouns pronoun – word that takes the place of one or more nouns and the words that describe those nouns.

Pronouns subject pronoun – takes the place of the subject of a sentence Singular Plural I we you he, she, it they

Pronouns subject pronoun – takes the place of the subject of a sentence Diagram the same as a subject: She ate quickly. she ate qu ick ly

Possessive Pronouns possessive pronouns – shows who or what has something Singular – my, your, his, her, its Plural – our, your, their

Possessive Pronouns Diagrammed the same as adjectives My sister arrived today. sister arrived y da to y M

Parts of Speech • Transitive verb – verb that is followed by a noun that answers the question what? or who? • Intransitive verb - verb that is not followed by a noun that answers the question what? or who?

Parts of Speech • He ate the cake. ate what? – cake Transitive • The boys played yesterday. played what? – no answer Intransitive • Mary hugged her friend. hugged who? – friend Transitive

Parts of Speech Write each verb and T or I. 1. The boys played baseball. 2. We studied a lot yesterday. 3. The bird sang a song. 4. Today, Mary hugged Jane. 5. The nice teacher spoke quietly.

Parts of Speech • Direct object – noun that answers the question who? or what? after transitive verb. Bob ate a pizza. The dog stole the bone. The pilot landed the plane. Brady hit the girl.

Diagramming a direct object: subject transitive verb direct object

Diagramming Bobby ate pizza

Diagramming The young girl ate a very large pizza today. girl Th you ng e ate pizza lar to a da ge ve y ry

Types of Sentences There are four types of sentences: • Declarative – makes a statement. The boys walked slowly. • Interrogative – asks a question Are you going to the party? • Imperative – gives a command or makes a request Clean your room this afternoon. • Exclamatory – expresses strong emotion That dinner was excellent!

Diagramming Imperative Sentences In an imperative sentence, the subject is always understood you. The you is placed in parentheses. Clean the room. (you) Clean room th e

Diagramming Sentences Diagram the following sentences. 1. Yesterday, the young girls wrote a quite funny song. 2. Do this math homework immediately. 3. The new principal gave a very long speech. 4. The quite old lady spoke softly. 5. Bake a delicious chocolate cake today.

Indirect Object Indirect object – answers to whom? or for whom? the verb’s action is done • only in sentences with a direct object • always comes before the direct object

Indirect Object Shana gave her brother a gift. gave what? gift – DO to whom? brother – IO The man gave Mary a rose. gave what? rose– DO to whom? Mary – IO

Indirect Object Diagramming an indirect object: subject predicate direct object indirect object

Indirect Object Diagramming an indirect object: The teacher gave the students a test. teacher test gave e th students e th

Indirect Object 1. The boy gave the hungry dog a bone. 2. The woman baked the family a chocolate cake. 3. The father gave the boy a long lecture. 4. A friend gave the girl a hug.

Prepositions • Preposition - word that relates a noun or a pronoun to another word in a sentence.

Common Prepositions about at by above before down across behind during after below for against beneath from along beside in among between inside around beyond into

Common Prepositions over up near since upon of through with off throughout within on to without onto toward out under outside until like

Prepositional Phrase • prepositional phrase group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun called the object of the preposition.

Prepositional Phrase The shoe was under the bed. We walked through the woods. The car sped around the corner. The book is on the table.

Diagramming Prepositional Phrases • Connects to the noun or verb that it modifies. • Preposition goes on a slanted line • Object of the preposition goes on the horizontal line subject predicate on iti os ep pr object of the preposition

Diagramming Prepositional Phrases The man across the street screamed at the boys. man screamed ss ro ac e Th at street boys e th

Diagramming Prepositional Phrases Diagram the following sentences: 1. The big boys in the crowded hall ran very quickly. 2. After the crazy party, the tired kids slept soundly. 3. The young man in the red car sped down the quiet road.

Pronouns object pronoun – takes the place of an object in a sentence Singular Plural me us you him, her, it them

Pronouns Diagrammed the same as subjects and other objects He screamed at her