Parts of speech noun pronoun adjective verb conjunction

Parts of speech • • noun pronoun adjective verb conjunction adverb preposition interjection

Noun A word representing a person, place, thing, or idea.

Person: Place: Thing: child park table teacher school disease Idea: kindness generosity

Nouns can be either concrete or abstract. Concrete nouns are objects that can be sensed; abstract nouns are concepts that cannot be touched or seen. Concrete: Abstract: door chemistry desk relaxation television argument mountain loneliness

Nouns can also be common or proper; proper nouns are specific examples of common nouns, and always have the first letter capitalized. Common nouns: Proper nouns: state California car Chevrolet park Disneyland school Quartz Hill High School

The plurals for most nouns are formed by adding –s or –es. --s book / books apple / apples --es hero / heroes potato / potatoes dress / dresses

Words that end in “y” have two rules when converting to plurals. Sometimes you just add –s. Other times, you change the “y” to “i” and add –es. The letter directly in front of the “y” determines which way you form the plural. When the letter in front of the “y” is a vowel, you only add –s: donkey / donkeys play / plays When the letter in front of the “y” is a consonant, change the “y” to “i” and add –es: berry / berries tendency / tendencies

How would you form the plurals for each of the following words? library pony boy tray valley enemy duty key

How would you form the plurals for each of the following words? library pony boy tray (libraries) (ponies) (boys) (trays) valley enemy duty key (valleys) (enemies) (duties) (keys)

Compound nouns: nouns made up of two or more words that together name a person, place, thing, or idea. Collective nouns: a noun that names a group of people, places, things, or ideas compound nouns: collective nouns: basketball audience mother-in-law swarm Quartz Hill High School crowd

Common noun suffixes: (+ words not using the suffix – note the difference!) -ance/-ence -tion/ -ation -sion -ment -age -ness -ity -ism -ty entrance, persistence -- (dance) education, formation – (nation) invasion, explosion government usage, mileage – (page) kindness conformity -- (city) favoritism -- (prism) safety -- (nasty)

Classwork / Homework • Classwork: handout (double-sided) • Homework: in “The Pedestrian, ” find all the nouns in paragraph two. You don’t need to label them concrete/abstract, etc. We can do that in class tomorrow as review.