Parts of Speech English 10 EXAMPLES Sidewalk Boardwalk

Parts of Speech English 10

EXAMPLES Sidewalk Boardwalk Friend Language California Bravery Jury Ambition Groundhog Day Flower

NOUNS • Word used to name a person, place, thing, or idea (friend, restaurant, flower, idea) • Common Noun: names any one group of persons, places, things, or ideas (language) • Proper Noun: names a particular person, place, thing, or idea (California, Groundhog Day) • • Concrete Noun: names an object that can be perceived by the senses (sidewalk) Abstract Noun: names a quality, characteristic, or idea (bravery) Collective Noun: names a group (jury) Compound Noun: consists of 2 or more words used together as a single noun

PRACTICE • Page 126 • Exercise 1 • Odds

EXAMPLES This Which Myself We Whose Either

PRONOUNS • Word used in place of a noun or more than one noun • Word that pronoun stands for is called its antecedent • Pronoun may appear in same sentence as its antecedent or in a following sentence • Antecedent may be a noun or another pronoun Latoya loves her cat. She takes good care of it. We told her that she could stay with us.

PRONOUNS CONT. • • • Personal: I, me, mine, we, her, they, theirs Relative: that, which, whom, whose Interrogative: who, whose, what, whom, which Demonstrative: this, that, these, those Indefinite: few, many, each, either, anyone, somebody, several Reflexive and Intensive: myself, themselves, itself, yourselves

PRACTICE • Pages 127 -128 • Exercise 3 • Evens

EXAMPLES • Helpful librarian • Final exam • Two steps • Cool breeze • More work • That star

ADJECTIVES • Word used to modify (to describe or make more definite) a noun or pronoun • Tell what kind (helpful, cool), which one (final, that), or how many (two, more) • Articles: a, an, the • Indefinite articles: a and an. Refer to any one of a general group • Definite article: the. Refers to a particular person, place, thing, or idea

PRACTICE • Page 130 • Exercise 5 (directions on page 129) • #’s 1 -10

EXAMPLES • Jog • Sailed • Tastes • Does know • Are • Hope • Emptied

VERBS • Word that expresses action or state of being • Action verb: expresses physical or mental activity (jog, hope) • Transitive verb: action verb that takes an object (noun or pronoun that tells who or what receives action of verb) • Intransitive verb: action verb that does not take an object TRANSITIVE: The thunder rattled the windows. INTRANSITIVE: An osprey soared over the treetops.

VERBS CONT. • Linking verb: connects the subject with a noun, pronoun, or adjective that identifies or describes it • Most common: forms of “to be, ” as well as the following: appear, become, feel, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, and turn • Verb phrase: consists of main verb and at least one helping or auxiliary verb • Common helping verbs: forms of “to be, ” forms of “have, ” forms of “do” • Common auxiliaries: can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would

PRACTICE • Page 132 • Exercise 7 • All (1 -10)

EXAMPLES • May we look around? • Todd washed the car quickly. • We almost had an accident. • Winter came early last year.

ADVERBS • Word used to modify a verb, adjective, or another adverb • Tell how (quickly), when (early), where (around), or to what extent (almost)

PRACTICE • Page 133 -134 • Exercise 8 • Odds

EXAMPLES • Beside the night stand. • From the grocery store. • With care. • After dinner. • To the bowling alley. • At 10: 00 this morning.

PREPOSITIONS • Word used to show a noun or pronoun is related to some other word in a sentence • Prepositional Phrase: preposition introduces this. Noun or pronoun that ends a prepositional phrase is the object of the preposition • The bird flew above the tree. • The bird flew near the tree. • Copy down 5 prepositions from page 137

PRACTICE • Page 138 • Exercise 10 • Evens

EXAMPLES • We ate dinner and watched TV. • Sally did her math homework, but forgot science. • Hey! Don’t forget your lunch! • Because it started raining, we had to rush for shelter. • Neither rain nor snow falls in that dry land.

CONJUNCTIONS • Word used to join words or groups of words • Coordinating conjunction: connects words or groups of words that are used in the same way (and, but, for, nor, so, yet) • Correlative conjunctions: pairs of conjunctions that join words or groups of words used in the same way (neither…nor, both…and) • Subordinating conjunction: begins a subordinate clause, joining it to an independent clause (than, because, wherever, as though)

INTERJECTION • Word used to express emotion • Has no grammatical relation to other words in the sentence • Hey, ouch, oh, well, yikes

PRACTICE • Page 140 • Exercise 12 • Entire paragraph