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100 – How would you define a liner service?

100 – A liner service is a fleet of ships, with a common ownership or management, which provided a fixed service, at regular intervals.

200 – A _____number of ports reduces voyage time and increases the possibility of frequency and reduces the number of vessels needed. .

200 – A lower number of ports reduces voyage time and increases the possibility of frequency and reduces the number of vessels needed.

300 - What are the four major shipping routes?

300 - the transpacific trade; the Far East to Europe trade; the transatlantic trade; the North–South.

400 – The total number of days /7 =.

400 – The total number of days /7 = number of ships needed

500 – What are the two basic models of liner shipping?

500 – Low cost and premium price.

100 – Liner shipping firms need to consider the trade-off between shipping service _____and ship size. .

100 - Liner shipping firms need to consider the trade-off between shipping service frequency and ship size.

200 - Economies of scale become more significant on ______ journeys, .

200 – short answers Economies of scale become more significant on long journeys,

300 - In order to receive mega ships there are some things that have to be met by the ports. What are they?

300 - Adequate water depth Wide channels Long berths Efficient equipment Productive workforce Good road and rail intermodal connections

400 - Finding the optimal fleet _____ and mix of ships for future needs is arguably the single most important decision of a ship owner and the most difficult one. .

400 - Finding the optimal fleet size and mix of ships for future needs is arguably the single most important decision of a ship owner and the most difficult one.

500 - _______selection is also essential to the successful performance of the liner shipping business in terms of capacity utilization and revenue management.

500 – Port selection is also essential to the successful performance of the liner shipping business in terms of capacity utilization and revenue management.

100 - What things do liner services need to think about before designing a shipping route?

100 - supply, demand, existing services, any potential cargo imbalances, vessel size, speed, number of ports to visit, which ports to visit, number of ships.

200 - Why do new shipping routes have to be designed?

200 - To meet changing demands. .

300 – However, _______is still one of the most important things that can decide the success or failure of the shipping liner.

300 – However, routing is still one of the most important things that can decide the success or failure of the shipping liner.

400 – All of the problems related to designing a new shipping route can be broken down into 3 groups. _____– long term _____– medium term ____ – short term.

400 – questions All of the problems related to designing a new shipping route can be broken down into 3 groups. Strategic – long term Tactical – medium term Operational – short term.

500 – What are the 4 types of agreements that companies can use when they are in a shipping alliance?

500 – Vessel Sharing Agreements (VSA Slot Swap Agreements (SSA Slot Charter Agreements (SCA Foreign Feeder Agreements (FFA)

100 – What do you think disruption management is?

100 – What do you think disruption management is? Dealing with problems that occur when there is a disruption with a schedule.

200 - What are stowage problems?

200 What are stowage problems? Dealing with where to put containers

300 - Sailing speed is a problem at two levels. What are they?

300 - Sailing speed is a problem at two levels. What are they? Tactical-sailing speed Operational- try to get back on schedule

400 – What is the trade-off between container stacking movements and time?

400 – Moving the containers to the top of the stack to make them easier to unload at the next port takes time and a decision has to be made.

500 – Canal restrictions are the main geographical bottlenecks for container ships. Where are they and why?

500 – possessive pronouns Suez canal- convoy Panama canal- size restrictions

100 -

100 - Pendulum.

200 - .

200 - cyclic.

300 - .

300 - butterfly.

400 –

400 - Conveyor belt

500 - .

500 - Hub-and-feeder

100 – What is the problem with a cyclical route?

100 – answers Cargo has to stay on for a long time so it may not be efficient.

200 – answers Why can extra costs occur when a hub-and-feeder system is used?

200 – answers Transshipment costs.

300 – answers What things might shippers consider when selecting a port?

300 – answers 1 -Consider proximity 2 - Examine workforce availability 3 -Evaluate the port’s investment in its infrastructure-. 4 -Check the operating hours.

400 – answers Ding (2007) stated the 6 major players in port selection are

400 – answers -shippers -consignees -shipping lines -port authorities -logistics service providers -freight forwarders.

500 – answers What things are important when choosing a port?

500 – answers .

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