Parking Lot Design Ingress and Egress The means

Parking Lot Design Ingress and Egress The means of entering and leaving the site • Regulated by state and local governments • Width • Slope • Drive radius • Pavement composition • Encroachment permit

Ingress and Egress • Discourage through traffic • Rule of thumb • Less than 5000 vehicles/day use single 2 way drive or two 1 -way drives • Align new drives with other access drives • Local regulations • Distance from corners and other drives

Number of Parking Spaces • Dictated by local codes • Dependent upon use of the building • Example requirements ©i. Stockphoto. com

Size of Parking Spaces • Parallel • Most difficult to access • Avoid if possible • Ninety-degree • • Most spaces per area Typical size: 9 ft x 18 ft or 19 ft More difficult to access than angles Not recommended for short term parking • Angled • Size varies according to angle • 60 degree parking most common

Accessibility • Accessible parking required

Accessibility • Size of accessible parking spaces

Accessibility • Size of accessible parking spaces ADA ABA Accessibility Guidelines

Aisle Width • Dictated by local codes • Two-way aisle is preferable • Typical two-way aisle is 24 feet wide • May be less for one-way traffic ©i. Stockphoto. com

Pedestrian Circulation • Separate pedestrians from traffic • Provide accessible route to entrance from parking, public transportation, and adjacent buildings Typical walkway widths • 3 ft wide for one-way • 5 ft wide for two-way ©i. Stockphoto. com US. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Pedestrian Circulation • Align parking spaces or easy pedestrian movement TM 5 -803, Site Planning and Design courtesy Department of the Army.

Special Vehicle Access • Plan for access for special vehicles that may access the site • • • Fire engines City buses School buses Tractor trailers Garbage trucks ©i. Stockphoto. com • Research required road widths, turn radii, and parking

Off-Street Loading Area • Plan for access for loading and unloading of products and materials • Best practices • Locate loading area away from traffic • Locate loading area out of view • Check local requirements ©i. Stockphoto. com

Waste Disposal • Plan for dumpster and garbage truck access • Best practice – Screen dumpster from view • Fence • Wall • Landscaping • Check local regulations ©i. Stockphoto. com

Drainage • Traditional design slopes pavement toward storm drains • LID techniques • Reduce impervious surface area • Permeable pavement • Permeable paver blocks • Drain to adjacent buffers, strips, and swales • Drain to nearby bioretention areas Courtesy the Environmental Protection Agency

Landscaping • Improves aesthetics • Building base landscaping • Provides shade • Parking screen (buffer) • Parking islands ©i. Stockphoto. com

Lighting • Improves safety • Often required by local regulations • Provides light to illuminate property but does not illuminate adjacent property ©i. Stockphoto. com

Example