Paris March 2004 PACT Partnerships for Conservation UNESCOs

Paris, March 2004 PACT Partnerships for Conservation UNESCO’s World Heritage Centre

What is World Heritage? Taj Mahal, India

They are all places of “outstanding universal value” • they are part of a heritage of all humankind • their protection is our shared responsibility • they are held in trust for this and future generations This is the rationale for the World Heritage Convention

Luang Prabang, L

Ksour, Oualata, Mauritania

Venice and its lagoon, Italy

The Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Mount Everest, Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal

The Grand Canyon National Park, U. S. A.

Cultural Landscapes

Cultural Routes The Route of Santiago, France and Spain •

Rock Drawings Alte Rio, Argentina

XXth Century Architecture

What is the World Heritage Convention? • An international agreement adopted in 1972 • Culture + nature • 177 “States Parties” • Overseen by the World Heritage Committee • Serviced by UNESCO • Advised by IUCN, ICCROM and ICOMOS • UNESCO’s World Heritage Centre created in 1992 as Secretariat to the World Heritage Committee

World Heritage in Danger • Voluntary destruction • Natural disasters • Pollution • War • Urbanisation

How is World Heritage funded? • UNESCO’s Regular Programme = US$ 4 million • World Heritage Fund = US$ 3. 5 million (voluntary and mandatory contributions) • Extra-budgetary sources = US$ 5. 5 million (Funds-in-Trust and Publications) TOTAL BUDGET for 2004 = US$ 13 million UNESCO does not receive any money from the sites

The road ahead Two main lines of action: Mainstreaming World Heritage through development programmes, bi and multi-lateral partnerships Developing partnerships with the corporate sector, foundations, NGOs and the media through the World Heritage PACT

Bilateral agreements • Australia (2002): technical expertise and promotional support • Belgium (2002): $ 350, 000 over 4 years + one expert for 2 years • France (1997): technical expertise and mission costs + one expert (part-time) • Italy (2001): $ 800, 000 per year • Japan: support to periodic reporting and promotional activities • Netherlands (2001): $ 2. 1 million over 4 years • Spain (2002): $ 395, 000 per year including one expert • New Zealand (2003) • Norway (1997): $ 500, 000 for 2003 • UK (2003): staffing, capacity building, mission costs

5 Areas of Co-operation • Global strategy • Site-specific projects • Thematic projects • UNESCO and WHC based projects • Awareness raising and education

Global strategy • Analysis of the World Heritage list and tentative lists • Assistance to help underrepresented countries to present sites for nomination • Identify new thematic categories (marine sites, etc. )

World Heritage in Numbers • 177 States Parties to the Convention • 754 sites in 129 countries v 582 cultural sites v 149 natural sites v 23 mixed sites

The World Heritage List (By region and type) Cultural Natural Mixed Total Africa 28 30 2 60 (8%) Arab states 53 3 1 57 (7. 5%) Asia & Pacific 99 39 9 147 (19. 5%) 328 47 8 383 (50. 8%) 74 30 3 107 (14. 2%) 582 149 23 754 Europe & North America Latin America Total

Global strategy • Institutional cooperation with the advisory bodies: ICCROM, IUCN and ICOMOS • North-South cooperation eg Nordic World Heritage Foundation, German World Heritage Foundation

Site specific projects The objective is to ensure the safeguard of the site by identifying its needs: • Management plans • Equipment • Technical assistance • Capacity building • Visitor centre capacities

Site specific projects • Capacity building: creation of a school for the conservation and restauration of mosaics, Algeria • Technical cooperation: inventory of recent construction and demolitions within Bakhtapur and Pashupatinath monument zone, Kathmandu, Nepal – with IUAV

The Mostar Bridge, Bosnia & Herzegovina, was destroyed in 1993. UNESCO prepared, with technical and financial assistance provided by Italy, a map of the town’s heritage and an urban plan. In June 2002, in the presence of the President of the Republic of Italy, the first stone was laid signalling the start of the rebuilding of the Mostar Bridge.

Thematic Projects • Earthen architecture • Cities • Sustainable Tourism • Forests • Marine sites • List of World Heritage in Danger

Earthen architecture The objectives for the programme are to: • develop policies for the conservation, revitalization and valorization of earthen architectural properties, with special emphasis on the integration of the human element and development needs; • build capacity at the regional, national and site management authorities and technical experts

Earthen architecture • Central Asia: A 10 -year programme focusing on capacity building of sitemanagement authorities and technical experts in the five Central Asian Republics (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) was launched in 2002, in collaboration with CRATerre (France) ICOMOS and ICCROM • Workshop on earthen conservation techniques in Spring 2004 with the Getty Conservation Institute

Cities The objectives of the programme are to: - analyse the major conservation challenges facing World Heritage Cities according to the type of conservation area (size, natural setting, population, funding, etc. ); - take stock of the existing laws and regulations governing urban conservation (not only for historic monuments in urban areas); - address issues of urban mobility, housing, commerce, tourism and related social impact, especially in relation to the authenticity and integrity of the sites; - identify both over-represented and underrepresented categories of cities and towns.

Cities • The France-UNESCO Convention and the World Heritage Fund International Assistance budget finance the first phase of developing a management plan for the four cities of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata in Mauritania. • In July 2003, the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) agreed to fund the examination of the state of conservation and to make recommendations for the protection of the World Heritage properties in the Historical Areas of Istanbul (Turkey) and their surrounding cultural heritage assets, in relation to the “Bosphorus Rail Tube Crossing Project” concluded between JBIC and the government of Turkey.

Sustainable tourism The programme aims to promote sustainable tourism: • to enhance public understanding of the outstanding universal value of the World Heritage sites • to ensure their protection against damage which can be caused by uncontrolled tourism; and • for tourism generated income to finance conservation.

Sustainable Tourism • RARE and the Aveda Corporation (USA) have been working, since 2001, with the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, UNF and the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), on a joint project to link conservation of biodiversity and sustainable tourism at six World Heritage sites: El Vizcaino and Sian Ka’an in Mexico, Komodo and Ujung Kulon in Indonesia, Rio Platano in Honduras, and Tikal in Guatemala. The partners have been working with site staff, the tourism industry, local conservation NGO’s and other groups to identify opportunities for linking conservation and tourism. (US$3, 5 million) • Grand Circle Foundation: a 5 -year conservation partnership has been developed (US$100, 000 per year) to support sites directly (Galapagos in Ecuator, My Son in Vietnam)

Forests The objectives of the programme are to: - promote the pivotal role of the World Heritage Convention in the protection of global forest biodiversity; - integrate the findings of UNESCO / IUCN global strategy studies on tropical, temperate and boreal forests; - promote financial and technical assistance to build management capacity and to enhance benefits to the local communities as well as the global public and future generations; - promote networking among States Parties working to conserve more than 60 World Heritage forest sites throughout the world (forests being the most represented among the natural sites in the List).

Forests The Central African World Heritage Forest Initiative (CAWHFI), involving the United Nations Foundation, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, World Wildlife Fund US, Wildlife Conservation Society, Conservation International, Jane Goodall Institute and the Food and Agriculture Organization. This US$6. 6 million project will run from 2003 to 2007 and aims to promote and support the building of protected area management regimes in key forest protected areas in the Congo Basin and combat the principal threats of illegal hunting and unregulated bushmeat.

Marine sites The strategic objectives for the programme are to: • Contribute to the conservation of the most important marine areas in the world through nomination as World Heritage and by so contributing to the overall goal of the World Summit on Sustainable Development to establish a representative network of marine protected areas across the globe by 2012; • Increase awareness of the World Heritage Convention as an unique legal tool for achieving conservation of marine and coastal ecosystems and for enhancing international cooperation for such work; • Establish pilot projects to test serial and trans-boundary nominations among countries sharing important marine areas; • Contribute to improving effectiveness and management of existing marine World Heritage sites; • Establish a more balanced and representative World Heritage List through supporting nominations from countries and regions that currently have few World Heritage sites.

Marine sites • Southern Caribbean Islands (Venezuela, Netherlands Antilles). Partners include The Nature Conservancy (TNC), Conservation International (CI) and Environmental Defense; • Central Pacific Islands and Atolls (Kiribati, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, and US areas). Partners include NOAA, US Fish and Wildlife Service, TNC, Bishop Museum and the Coral Reef Alliance; • Marine Conservation Corridor in the Eastern Pacific (Ecuador, Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica). Partners include CI, the United Nations Foundation and Stanford University.

List of World Heritage in Danger Afghanistan - Cultural landscape and arch. Remains of Bamiyan Valley (2003) - Minaret and archaeological remains of Jam, 2002 Albania - Butrint, 1997 Algeria – Tipasa, 2002 Azerbaijan – Walled city of Baku with the Shirvanshah’s Palace and Maiden Tower (2003) Benin - Royal Palaces of Abomey, 1985 Cambodia – Angkor, 1992 Central African Republic - Manovo-Gounda St. Floris National Park, 1997 Cote d’Ivoire – Comoé National Park (2003) Cote d'Ivoire / Guinea - Mount Nimba Nature Reserve, 1992 Democratic Republic of Congo Virunga National Park, 1994 Garamba National Park, 1996 Kahuzi-Biega National Park, 1997 Okapi Wildlife Reserve, 1997 Salonga National Park, 1999 Ecuador - Sangay National Park, 1992 Egypt - Abu Mena, 2001 Ethiopia - Simien National Park, 1996 Honduras - Rio Platano Biosphere Reserve, 1996 India - Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, 1992 - Group of Monuments at Hampi, 1999 Iraq – Ashur (2003) Jerusalem - Old City of Jerusalem & its walls, 1982 Mali – Timbuktu, 1990 Nepal – Kathmandu Valley (2003) Niger - Air & Ténéré Natural reserves, 1992 Oman - Bahla Fort, 1988 Pakistan - Fort and Shalamar gardens in Lahore, 2000 Peru - Chan Archaeological Zone, 1986 Philippines - Rice Terraces of the Cordilleras, 2001 Senegal - Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary, 2000 Tunisia - Ichkeul National Park, 1996 Uganda - Rwenzori Mountains National Park, 1999 U. S. of America - Everglades National Park, 1993 Yemen - Historic town of Zabid, 2000

5 WH sites in the Democratic Republic of Congo The 4 -year project (2000 -4) « Biodiversity Conservation in regions of armed conflict: Protecting WH sites in the DRC » aimed at funding staff salaries to ensure the management of the site during the conflict, procuring equipment for monitoring. Partners in this US$ 4 million project are UNF, Belgium, ICCN, GTZ and numerous NGOs

Reinforcement of UNESCO/WHC core activities • Nomination process: inventories, registration, documentation, etc. • Information management system • Reactive monitoring • Partnership development • Consolidation of WH databases • Secure access to information

Raising Awareness • WH Review: quaterly magazine published in English, French and Spanish • National Geographic: article appeared in the October 2002 edition on the occasion of the 30 th anniversary of the WH Convention • http: //whc. unesco. org/ • Events throughout the year: symposiums, exhibitions, fairs… • SWR (ARD): over 300 TV documentaries on WH have been produced and broadcast • TBS: over 300 sites have been filmed since 1996

Education • Publications: partnership in development with the US based publishers Scholastic for the development of a WH atlas • WH Education Kit has been translated into more than 20 languages

World Heritage Patrimoine Mondial PACT Goal: To invite private sector and NGOs to join the mission of UNESCO in conserving World Heritage sites Objectives: • To raise awareness about World Heritage • To mobilise sustainable resources for the long-term conservation of World Heritage

Scope PACT is intended to: - Promote the WH mission - Mobilize technical ressources - Create networks - Fundraise - Engage civil society and the private sector

Categories of Partners • Non-governmental organisations, research institutions and Foundations • Corporate sector including the media • Individual donors

ITB BERLIN 2004 • • • • Earthwatch Institute Ecotourism Australia EF Educational Tours Grand Circle Foundation Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit IH&RA LTU Touristik Maison de la Chine et de l’Orient Mundo Maya Organization RARE Rezidor SAS (former Radisson) SWR (ARD) TBS (Japan) TNC (The Nature Conservation) TOI (Tour Operator Initiative) United Nations Foundation

WH PARTNERS The United Nations Foundation (UNF) has committed over US$ 32 million since 1999. Partners such as WWF, CI, FFI, RARE and others like ESA, Aveda, TBS, Panasonic, the Universities of Cottbus (Germany) and UCD (Ireland) …. have all committed to help UNESCO’s mission to safeguard and promote WH conservation. We wish to enlarge the circle of Partners for Conservation to achieve even greater results.

FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT US: UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE CENTRE 7 Place de Fontenoy – 75007 PARIS Tel: + 331 4568 1571 Fax: + 331 4568 5570 Email: WH. PACT@unesco. org Mr Francesco BANDARIN Mr Natarajan ISHWARAN Mrs Joanna Serna-Sullivan