PARAPHRASE express the meaning of the writer or

PAR·A·PHRASE express the meaning of (the writer or speaker or something written or spoken) using different words, especially to achieve greater clarity.

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“Paraphrasing refers to rewriting a given sentence using your own words. When we need to use a sentence in our writing that someone else wrote, we paraphrase it. That is, we use the same idea(s) in that sentence and write it differently. In addition to using different words, we use different grammar. The main purpose of paraphrasing has to do with being able to use someone else’s ideas while we write our own texts. Of course, it is required that any writer acknowledges the original source using the proper citation format. ” (Purdue Writing Lab)

Answer: Quote ■ It’s in quotation marks ■ Same material from original source ■ Citation at the end

■ Original: Some argue that the approximately 11 million undocumented immigrants in the United States ought to receive a path to US citizenship, while others claim that these immigrants need to be deported back to their home countries. ■ Example: Although some individuals maintain that undocumented immigrants should go back to their countries, others defend these immigrants’ right for a path to citizenship.

Answer: Paraphrase ■ Similar length to the original ■ Maintains the same info ■ Rewords it with synonyms ■ Different word structure

■ Original: “The movement toward education by computer is developing fast. Massive Open Online Courses, called MOOCs, are changing how people learn in many places. For years, people could receive study materials from colleges or universities and take part in online classes. But such classes were not designed for many thousands of students at one time, as MOOCs are. ” ■ Example: According to a Voice of America article, a fast-growing MOOCs movement allows thousands to take online classes at once, changing how we learn.

Answer: Summary ■ Shorter than original ■ Concise ■ Extracts key points

Let’s talk about plagiarism ■https: //library. ok. ubc. ca/guidesand-tools/citation-style-guides/

Vocab ■ ■ ■ Excerpt Paraphrase Condense Original Distinguish ■ ■ ■ Source Plagiarism Evidence Authority Parenthetical Citation

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Tips for Paraphrasing (Oxford Grammar, pg. 142) Use reporting verbs such as: believe, consider, say, suggest, argue, assert, confirm, etc. Example: Selig maintains that within all group situations, leaders identify themselves first of all through body language. Use Synonyms – use a dictionary or thesaurus (book form or online). Make sure to keep the meaning of the word! Noun Synonym: Fortunately no harm (damage) was done to the nuclear reactor Verb Synonym: The kingdom is ruled (governed) by the prince and a small council of elders

Tips for Paraphrasing (Oxford Grammar, pg. 142) Change word forms Changes in structure Verb ↔ Noun: distribute/distribution compete/competition Adjective ↔ Verb: creative/creatively surprising/surprisingly Verb ↔ Adjective Function/functional Adjective ↔ noun accessible/access One example (see book for more): Cause ↔ Effect The spread of GM trials has led to a series of protests Becomes: A series of protests has resulted from the spread of GM trials

Tips for Paraphrasing (Oxford Grammar, pg. 142) § It can be as long or longer than the original § Rewrite it in your own words § Use synonyms, changes in word forms, changes in structure, and reporting verbs § Always credit the source material § Don’t rephrase industry specific words § Look at/study the source material, wait a day and rewrite without material

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