Paradoxes of quantum and statistical mechanics Dr Kupervasser
- Slides: 34
Paradoxes of quantum and statistical mechanics. Dr. Kupervasser Oleg
Contradiction between second law of thermodynamics and reversible laws of • • classical physics. Second law of thermodynamics: Macroscopic Entropy (Coarsened Microscopic entropy) of closed isolated system can only increases and achieves its maximum in thermodynamics equilibrium state. Microscopic entropy is always constant in classical physics but Macroscopic Entropy can increases and also decreases. Poincare’s Paradox Zermelo’s Paradox
Four main components of full system. • Observed system (microscopic, mesoscopic or macroscopic) • Surround medium • Observer + memory
Macroscopic entropy increasing paradox resolution. • Definition of time arrow in Macroscopic entropy increasing direction. • For observed system: Synchronization of time arrow of observed system with time arrow of surround memory and observer time arrow is a result of small uncontrolled interaction and instability of decreasing entropy processes. • For a full system: impossibility of selfobservation (impossibility of self-observation of returns). Memory erasing during returns.
Contradiction between reduction of wave function and Schrodinger law (Unitary evolution) of quantum mechanics. • Microscopic entropy is constant under Schrodinger law but increases under reduction. • Schrodinger cat paradox as illustration of wave function reduction paradox.
Four main components of full system. • Observed system (microscopic, mesoscopic or macroscopic) • Surround medium • Observer + memory
Schrodinger cat paradox resolution. • For a observed system: reduction happens because of non closed character of system: 1) small uncontrolled interaction with surround medium (decoherence process) 2) necessary for measurement interaction with observer • For a full system: reduction happens because of impossibility of self-observation (selfobservation of returns). Memory erasing during returns.
Analogy between quantum (QM) and classical mechanics (CM). • Similarity in paradoxes resolution • Analogy between reduction process and “molecular chaos hypothesis” (MCH) F(x 1, x 2)=F(x 1)*F(x 2): 1) Nondiagonal elements of density matrix in QM and correlations in CM dissapearing 2) Entropy increasing • Main Difference between QM and CM: It is not probabilistic character of QM. Observation in QM is impossible without some small interaction even for macroscopic system. In CM it is possible. Definition of same uncontrolled small interaction in CM make this difference unimportant. CM in this case is also probabilistic.
Real and ideal dynamics. • Impossibility of full description for observed and full system. • Microscopic and macroscopic variables and master equations (obtained by reduction or MCH): Real and ideal dynamics • Unfalsifiability (in Karl Popper’s sense) of difference between Real and ideal dynamics for full system • Practical Unfalsifiability of difference between Real and ideal dynamics for observed system
Unpredictable dynamics. • Quantum computers as example of Unpredictable dynamics for external observer which doesn’t know initial state. Mesoscopic isolated systems • Mesoscopic Classical systems with returns as analogy of Quantum computers. Mesoscopic fluctuations. • Open Living systems as example of Unpredictable dynamics. Very unstable correlation inside of organism and with outside world in CM (or nondiagonal terms of density matrix in QM) conserved by metabolism processes. • Phase transition (bifurcation points)
- Introduction to quantum statistical mechanics
- Classical physics
- Quantum physics vs mechanics
- Two houses both alike
- Paradoxes of green logistics
- What is the hound in fahrenheit 451
- David lewis the paradoxes of time travel
- The paradoxes of time travel david lewis
- Paradox rhetorical definition
- Metonymy literary definition
- Paradoxes
- Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics
- Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics
- Macrostate and microstate in statistical mechanics
- Schrodingers cay
- Partition function in statistical mechanics
- Statistical mechanics
- Equipartition theorem in statistical mechanics
- What is microcanonical ensemble
- Partition function
- Partition function in statistical mechanics
- Statistical mechanics of deep learning
- Statistical mechanics
- Is sinx acceptable wave function
- Schrodinger wave equation
- Expectation value in quantum mechanics
- Expectation value in quantum mechanics
- Quantum mechanics in your face
- Quantum mechanics postulates
- Postulates of quantum mechanics
- Spin 1 operators
- Operators in quantum mechanics
- Quantum mechanics
- Operators in quantum mechanics
- Schröndiger