PANCREAS ANATOMY esophagus stomach ductus choledocus pancreas duodenum

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PANCREAS ANATOMY esophagus stomach ductus choledocus pancreas duodenum duct of Santorini duct of Wirsung

PANCREAS ANATOMY esophagus stomach ductus choledocus pancreas duodenum duct of Santorini duct of Wirsung

PANCREATIC SECRETIONS 1. PROTEASES (70%) Endopeptidases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastases) Exopeptidases (carboxypeptidases) trypsinogen trypsin activates

PANCREATIC SECRETIONS 1. PROTEASES (70%) Endopeptidases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastases) Exopeptidases (carboxypeptidases) trypsinogen trypsin activates all other precursors enterokinase (duct walls) 2. NUCLEASES (DNAase, RNAase) 3. PANCREATIC AMYLASE (hydrolyse starch and gl; ycogen) 4. PANCREATIC LIPASE (triglycerides fatty acids and glycerol)

REGULATION OF SECRETION 1. SECRETIN food in stomach release of stomach acid into duodenum

REGULATION OF SECRETION 1. SECRETIN food in stomach release of stomach acid into duodenum release of secretin into blood by duodenal cells secretion of bicarbonate by duct cells alkaline p. H (ideal for pancreatic enzymes) 2. PANCREOZYMIN (cholecystokinen) amino acids and fats in intestine release of pancreozymin by intestinal mucosa into blood relase of pancreatic enzymes into the intestine 3. GASTRIN food in stomach gastrin secretion by stomach mucosa 4. AUTONOMIC INNERVATION (vagus nerve) release of pancreatic enzymes into the intestine

PANCREAS (PANORAMIC) islet of Langerhans pancreatic acini islet of Langerhans pancreatic lobe BV

PANCREAS (PANORAMIC) islet of Langerhans pancreatic acini islet of Langerhans pancreatic lobe BV

PANCREATIC SECRETORY DUCTS LARGE SECRETORY DUCT INTERLOBULAR DUCT simple cuboidal epithelium acinus simple columnar

PANCREATIC SECRETORY DUCTS LARGE SECRETORY DUCT INTERLOBULAR DUCT simple cuboidal epithelium acinus simple columnar epithelium

EXOCRINE PANCREAS pyramidal secretory basal basophilia cell (rough ER) acinus merocrine secretion (exocytosis) zymogen

EXOCRINE PANCREAS pyramidal secretory basal basophilia cell (rough ER) acinus merocrine secretion (exocytosis) zymogen granules centroacinar cells blood vessel condensing vacuoles golgi vesicles intercalated duct rough endoplasmic reticulum nerve interlobular duct zymogen granules golgi apparatus

INTERCALARY DUCTS AND CENTROACINAR CELLS intercalary duct centroacinar cell intercalary duct

INTERCALARY DUCTS AND CENTROACINAR CELLS intercalary duct centroacinar cell intercalary duct

PANCREATIC EXOCRINE SECRETORY CELL zymogen granules centroacinar cell

PANCREATIC EXOCRINE SECRETORY CELL zymogen granules centroacinar cell

CELL BIOLOGY OF PANCREATIC SECRETION 1. SYNTHESIS 2. SEGREGATION 14 C -leucine + t.

CELL BIOLOGY OF PANCREATIC SECRETION 1. SYNTHESIS 2. SEGREGATION 14 C -leucine + t. RNA m. RNA for chymotrysinogen 14 C-amino-acyl t. RNA ribosomes m. RNA ribosomes polypeptide chymotrysinogen RER cisterna 6. DISCHARGE 3. INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT exocytosis RER transitional elements 5. INTRACELLULAR STORAGE zymogen granules 4. CONCENTRATION golgi apparatus H 2 O condensing vacuoles golgi vesicles

EXPERIMENTAL METHODS IN CELL SECRETION 1. SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONATION (grind and find) 2. RADIOAUTOGRAPHY (cook

EXPERIMENTAL METHODS IN CELL SECRETION 1. SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONATION (grind and find) 2. RADIOAUTOGRAPHY (cook and look) developed silver grains density gradient centrifugation photographic emulsion vesicles microsomes (RER) golgi condensing vacuoles zymogen granules ultrathin section pancreatic acinar cell (3 mins) cpm 14 C leucine (7 mins) cpm C leucine 14 RER golgi cond zymogen (80 mins) 14 RER golgi pulse chase cond zymogen RER golgi cond zymogen

ISLET OF LANGERHANS alpha cell (glucagon) vascular pole (secretion by exocytosis) acinus beta cell

ISLET OF LANGERHANS alpha cell (glucagon) vascular pole (secretion by exocytosis) acinus beta cell (insulin) fenestrated capillary blood capillary INSULIN- increases membrane permeability to glucose GLUCAGON - promotes glycogenolysis promotes glycogenesis decrease blood glucose levels increases blood glucose levels “ ANTAGONISTIC HORMONES” alpha cell

ISLET OF LANGERHANS

ISLET OF LANGERHANS

ISLET OF LANGERHANS - TEM

ISLET OF LANGERHANS - TEM

STAINED ALPHA AND BETA CELLS ALPHA CELLS BETA CELLS

STAINED ALPHA AND BETA CELLS ALPHA CELLS BETA CELLS