P Shahir Ali Khan Asst Prof GEP Unit

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Unit -4 Bio Gas and Geo Thermal Power Generating Stations AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP AITS EEE Dept.

The Company: P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP - More than 12 years of experience in designing, planning and construction of biogas power plants. - Input of the first plants: organic waste (fats and floats); Weser-Ems region: intensive livestock farming - Biogas-boom since amendment of the EEG (law on renewable energy) in 2004 - More than 250 biogas plants built - Installed capacity over 140 MWel AITS EEE Dept.

The Company: Headquarters : biogas weser-ems Gmb. H & Co. KG Zeppelinring 12 -16 D-26169 Friesoythe Branch office Großenhain Carl-maria-von Weber-Allee 51 01558 Großenhain Affiliates: Biogaz-tech Spółka zo. o. ul. Długa 44 63 -200 Jarocin Ies biogas Srl Via T. Donadon, 4 I-33170 Pordenone - ITALY bentec bioenergies SL Calle Sant Josep, 14 17176 Sant Esteve d´en Bas (Girona) Spain AITS EEE Dept. P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP

Energy For The Future P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Biogas - versatile source of renewable energy: providing electricity and heat - reduction of harmful methane emissions - CO 2 neutrality - environmentally friendly way of preserving resources AITS EEE Dept.

Biogas Flow Diagram P Shahir Ali Khan AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. Planning and Project Development GEP Project - Conception - Quotation - Financing Assistance - Approval planning AITS EEE Dept.

Plant Construction P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Building phase - bwe installation teams set up the agitators, gas storage roofs and pipelines - Use of low maintenance and energy-efficient agitators - Connection of the high performance CHP units with engines upward of 190 k. W AITS EEE Dept.

Technology P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Biogas plant - User friendly process control systems - Control of individual plant components and documentation of the control parameters - Remote access to the control system AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. Natural Gas From Biogas. GEP Biogas Preparation - Often there are no possibilities to use the heat economically - Upgrading of biogas to natural gas quality - Transportation through the existing natural gas network - Alternative use as fuel for vehicles AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Heat use Transportation of heat - Increasing efficiency by utilizing surplus heat - Use of district heating for nearby houses and stables - Wide variety of possible consumers, e. g. heat for drying plants (cereals or digestate) - Arbitrary choice of temperature level (default at 85 °C) AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. Micro-Gas Distribution System GEP Transportation of biogas - the CHP is placed next to the heat consumer - transport of biogas to the CHP unit through a gas pipeline - lower investment required compared to district heating - more efficient use of thermal energy, no losses during transportation AITS EEE Dept.

Reference Plants Naturgas Ardorf Technical Parameters: 7 L 2007 Year of construction: Power k. Wel: 1131 k. W + 190 k. W Energy crops Substrates: 1 x Ø 23 m Digester: Post-digester: 1 x Ø 23 m Storage: 1 x Ø 28 m AITS EEE Dept. P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. Biogasanlagen Heinfelde GEP (Nawa. Ro) Technical Parameters: 7 L Year of construction: 2006 835 k. W Power k. Wel: Nawa. Ro Substrates: 2 x Ø 25 m Digester: Post-digester: 1 x Ø 25 m Storage: 1 x Ø 25 m AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. Biogasanlagen Heinfelde GEP (Kofermente) Technical Parameters: 7 L 2006 Year of construction: Power k. Wel: 1064 k. W + 500 k. W Organic Waste Substrates: 2 x Ø 25 m Digester: Post-digester: 1 x Ø 25 m Storage: 1 x Ø 30 m AITS EEE Dept.

Biogaspark Felgentreu Technical Parameters: 7 L Year of construction: 2007/08 10 x 844 k. W Power k. Wel: Nawa. Ro Substrates: 10 x Ø 23 m Digester: Post-digester: 10 x Ø 23 m Storage: 10 x Ø 26 m AITS EEE Dept. P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP What is Geo thermal? Geothermal comes from the Greek words Geo (earth) and thermos (hot). Thus, geothermal energy mean EEE Dept. heat AITS inside the earth.

The P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Earth Is Made of Layers At the center is a core of molt iron. Around that is an outer core iron and rock so hot that roc is in molted state. The liquid rock is called m ag. The next layer is a mixture o rock and magma called the mantle. The shell of the earth – with t AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP How Do We Use Geothermal Energy? • The inside of the earth is very hot. • We can use this heat to warm our houses and produce electricity. • Today, power plants use steam from geothermal wells to make electricity. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Where Can We Find Geothermal Energy? • The most active geothermal resources are usually found where earthquakes, volcanoes , hot springs , geysers occur. AITS EEE Dept.

Working of Geothermal Plant AITS EEE Dept. P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP

Geo thermal P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Energy is Clean & Cheap. No fuel is burned, so there is no air pollution. The steam is turned into water and put back into the earth. Geothermal energy is cheap – new power plants can make electricity for about the same as coal power plants. AITS EEE Dept.

Geo P Shahir Ali Khan thermal power in USA AITS EEE Dept. plant

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) • Oceans cover more than 70% of Earth's surface, making them the world's largest solar collectors. • OTEC Process uses temperature difference between cold deep water (5 ℃) & warm surface water (27 ℃) to power a turbine to generate electricity. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP OTEC Working Principle • This plant works on the principle of a closed Rankine Cycle. • Warm Water is used to evaporate working fluid like Ammonia or halocarbon Refrigerant. • Evaporated Fluid expands in a low pressure turbine, which is coupled with a turbo alternator to produce electricity. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP OTEC Systems • There are three types of electricity conversion systems: I. The Closed or Anderson, OTEC Cycle Power Plant II. The Open or Claude OTEC Cycle Power Plant III. Hybrid Cycle OTEC Power Plant. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Closed-loop OTEC • Closed cycle system use fluid with a low boiling point, such as ammonia to power a turbine to generate electricity. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Open-loop OTEC cycle • Georges Claude Constructed first OTEC plant in 1929 in Cuba. • The Claude Plant used an open cycle in which seawater itself plays the multiple role of heat source, working fluid, coolant, & heat sink. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Hybrid OTEC cycle • A Hybrid cycle combines the features of both the closed & Open Cycle System. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP An OTEC system application • Hydrogen can be produced via electrolysis using electricity generated by the OTEC process. • Desalination It’s produced in open & Hybrid cycle. System analysis indicates that a 2 MW plant can produce 4300 cubic meter desalination water each day. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP An OTEC system application • Aquaculture It reduces the financial & energy coasts of pumping large volumes of water from deep ocean. Deep ocean water contains high concentration of essential nutrients that are depleted in surface water due to biological consumption. • Mineral Extraction The ocean contains 57 trace elements in salt dissolved in solution. The Japanese investigated the possibility of extracting AITS EEE Dept. Uranium.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Advantages of OTEC plants will produce little or no carbon dioxide or other polluting chemicals. OTEC systems can produce fresh water as well as electricity. A lot of fish & other nutritious sea-food will be collected in outlet flow. OTEC can also be used to produce ammonia, hydrogen, aluminium, chlorine and other chemicals. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Disadvantages of OTEC produced electricity at present would cost more than electricity generated from fossils fuels at their current costs. No energy company put money in this project because it only had been tested in a very small scale. Construction of OTEC plants and lying of pipes in coastal waters may cause localized damage to reefs and near-shore marine ecosystem. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Current operating Plants of OTEC • In March 2013, Makai installed and operate a 100 kilowatt turbine on the OTEC Heat Exchanger Test Facility, and connect OTEC power to the grid. • Okinawa Prefecture announced the start of the OTEC operation testing at Kume Island on April 15, 2013. The plant consists of two units; one includes the 50 k. W generator while the second unit is used for component testing and optimization. AITS EEE Dept.

P Shahir Ali Khan Asst. Prof. GEP Open-loop OTEC cycle • Georges Claude Constructed first OTEC plant in 1929 in Cuba. • The Claude Plant used an open cycle in which seawater itself plays the multiple role of heat source, working fluid, coolant, & heat sink. AITS EEE Dept.