p 217 221 THE FRENCH REVOLUTION BEGINS OBJECTIVES

p. 217 -221 THE FRENCH REVOLUTION BEGINS

OBJECTIVES • List the three estates of the Old Regime • Summarize the factors that led to the French Revolution • Describe the create of the National Assembly and the storming of the Bastille • Explain the importance of the Great Fear and the women’s march on Versailles

THE OLD ORDER Old Regime First Estate • the political and social system that existed in France before the French Revolution • Clergy Second Estate • Nobility Estates • One of the three social classes in France before the French Revolution Third Estate • Commoners

THE OLD ORDER The Privileged Estate The Church owned 10% of the land in France Nobles • ~2% of the population • Owned 20% of land • Paid no taxes Scored Enlightenment ideas

THE OLD ORDER The Third Estate ~97% of the population Second group – workers First group – Bourgeoisie • Tradespeople Apprentices • Labors Domestic servants • Bankers • Merchants • Skilled artisans Factory owners Professionals Welled educated and believed strongly in Enlightenment ideas • Often as wealthy as nobles, but paid high taxed Low wages Frequently out of work Third Group – peasants • 80% of France’s 26 million pop. • Half of their pay was spoken for

FORCES OF CHANGE Enlightenment Ideas Economic Troubles New views of power and government 1780 s prosperous economy declines Inspired by American Revolution Burden is put on businesses through taxes Cost of living rising Started to demand • Equality • Liberty • Democracy Crop failures • Price of bread doubles Extravagant spending by • Louis XVI • Marie Antoinette

FORCES OF CHANGE A Weak Leader Paid little attention to advisors Marie Antoinette gave bad advise • Was unpopular – Austrian Bad patience Estates. General “Madame Deficit” First in 75 years • Assembly of representatives from all three estates • May 5, 1789

DAWN OF THE REVOLUTION The National Assembly Dated back to the middle ages Tennis Court Pledge • Each estate gets one vote Third Estate insisted that all meet together National Assembly • Established to enact laws and reform in the name of the French people • Would not leave until a new constitution was drafted Sympathetic members of clergy and nobles join

DAWN OF THE REVOLUTION Storming the Bastille Rumors fly People began to gather weapons July 14 th • Attack the Bastille for gunpowder • Overpower the guard and sieze power

A GREAT FREE SWEEPS FRANCE Great Fear • A wave of senseless panic that spread through the French countryside after storming the Bastille Destroyed legal documents that bound peasants to the land Women march on Versailles • Louis and Marie flee • Signaled a change of power and radical reform about to take over in France