Oxygen Group By Eloy Leon Amanda Blakemore Damian

Oxygen Group By: Eloy Leon, Amanda Blakemore, Damian Sanchez

Background Information About Oxygen Group Oxygen group element, also called chalcogen. The five elements make up the periodic classification, oxygen , sulfur , selenium, tellurium, and polonium. A relationship between the first three members of the group was recognized as early as 1829, tellurium was assigned its place by 1865, and polonium was discovered in 1898. All elements are solids except for oxygen, oxygen is a gas. This classification is also called ‘The Group 16. Oxygen was "discovered" by a number of scientists over some time. First discovery is normally credited to the Swedish scientist Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1772. He called his discovery "fire-air".

Oxygen ● ● ● ● ● Oxygen is a colorless, tasteless, and odorless when it is a gas Oxygen becomes a gas at room temperature, Oxygen is not only important to all living things but also makes a important role to many chemical reactions. The specific heat of oxygen ranges from -96. 155726. 85 celsius Oxygen is generally made up of 20% of earth’s surface Oxygen is the most common element in Earth Oxygen has a atomic number of 8 Melting point: -361. 8 F (-218. 8 C) Boiling point: -297. 3 F (-183 C)

SULFUR ● ● ● Sulfur is an odorless, tasteless, light yellow solid. It is a reactive element that gives circumstances combines with other elements except gases, gold, and platinum. Sulfur is in a number of different allotropic modifications. Some modifications would be rhombic, monoclinic, polymeric, and others. The Physical properties of Sulfur are the characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance into another substance. Physical properties are usually those that can be observed using our senses such as color, luster, freezing point, boiling point, melting point, density, hardness and odor. Sulfur has been used since ancient times and is mentioned in the bible and the Torah. Sulfur can be used as an oxidant or as a reducing agent. Sulfur occurs as an element but can also be found in a number of compounds and minerals. Atomic Number is 16 Melting point: 239. 4 F (115. 2 C) Boiling point: 832. 3 F (444. 6 C)

● Selenium ● ● ● Selenium is a solid that was discovered in 1817 which can be found in minerals. Selenium has many different colors Hexagonal Selenium which is metallic gray, Crystalline Monoclinic Selenium that is a deep red color Amorphous Selenium that is black in vitreous form. Selenium does have an odor. When it is strongly heated a smell of a decayed horseradish is perceived. This smell is particular to burning selenium which can be known as the horse radish odor Unique for playing a critical role in DNA , immune system, and reproductive system Helps people by giving healthy joints, heart, and eyes. Can help fight cancer and other diseases An overdose of selenium can cause bad breath, fever, and nausea. Can also make liver kidney and heart problems Selenium has an atomic number of 34 Melting point: 429. 8 F (221 C) Boiling point: 1, 265 F (684. 8 C)

TELLURIUM ● ● ● ● ● Tellurium is a grayish-white solid with a shiny surface It is usually available as a dark grey powder. It has the properties both of the metals and the nonmetals. Tellurium forms many compounds corresponding to those of sulfur and selenium. Tellurium is often used as additive steel and it is often alloyed to aluminum, copper, lead or tin. Samples of uncombined tellurium can sometimes be found, but they are extremely rare. There are some tellurium minerals, but none is mined as a source of the element. The atomic number of Tellurium is 52. Boiling point: 1, 810 F (987. 8 C) Melting point: 841. 1 F (449. 5 C)

● Polonium ● ● ● ● ● Polonium is a solid that was discovered in 1898 Can be unique because of its rarity but can be found in uranium ores Color is silvery grey Does not have an odor Polonium can be dangerous since it is highly toxic due to its radioactivity Can be helpful by using it as a lightweight heat source for thermoelectric power in space satellites This is because a small amount of element can release a large amount of energy Polonium has an atomic number of 84 Melting point: 489. 2 F (254 C) Boiling point: 1, 764 F (952 C)

How The Elements Are Used Daily ● ● ● ● ● These elements can be found naturally in both, free as well as combines states in nature. Oxygen is useful for daily life by helping someone breathe, when a person can’t breathe on their own, oxygen helps. Oxygen is used to create rocket fuel and cutting metals Sulfur can be used in black gun powder, matches and fireworks Sulfur can be used in medicine to treat certain skins Selenium can help people to have healthy joints, heart, and eyes Selenium is mineral that is found in soil and occurs naturally in certain foods such as whole grains, seafood, and nuts. Tellurium is used as copper and stainless steel Tellurium can be used for solar panels and memory chips for computers Polonium is helpful as a light weight heat source for thermoelectric power in space

How are the elements dangerous? ● ● ● Oxygen cause fire and explosion If there is more than 21% of oxygen it can cause trouble and becomes a easier fire hazard. An overdose of selenium can cause bad breath, fever, and nausea, as well as liver, kidney, and heart problems Selenium toxicity can include nausea, vomiting, hair loss and more Polonium is dangerous since it is toxic due to its radioactivity If polonium is kept away from the human body, it will become little danger. No more than a few centimeters can pass through the skin Sulfur is very dangerous if you inhale it, it can cause death. Sulfur is very bad to touch, Sulfur is corrosive, the gas irritates the skin. Sulfur is very bad for the eyes, the gas irritates or burns the eye. Exposure to Tellurium can cause headaches, fatigue, dizziness, drowsiness, and weakness. Tellurium is very toxic and can cause harm to developing embryos. ( unborn offspring in the process of

Questions 1. )Name all of the solids? 2. ) How much does oxygen make up of Earth's surface? 3. ) True or false are all elements toxic? 4. ) How can Oxygen be dangerous?

Answer 1. 2. 3. 4. Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium, and Polonium 20% False If more than 21% of Oxygen it can become an easier fire hazard.