Oxidation of fatty acids Activation of fatty acids

Oxidation of fatty acids

Activation of fatty acids in cytosol by acyl-Co. A synthetase (thiokinase)

Transport of activated fatty acids from cytosol to mitochondrial matrix

β-hydroxy-γ-trimethylammonium butyrate

β-oxidation

Acyl-Co. A dehydrogenase reaction

Δ 2 -Enoyl-Co. A hydratase reaction

L-3 -Hydroxyacyl-Co. A dehydrogenase reaction

β-Ketoacyl thiolase reaction

Palmitoyl-Co. A 16 carbon atoms FADH 2+ NADH + H+ Myristoyl-Co. A 14 carbon atoms + Acetyl-Co. A FADH 2 + NADH + H+ Lauroyl-Co. A 12 carbon atoms + Acetyl-Co. A FADH 2 + NADH + H+ Caproyl-Co. A 10 carbon atoms + Acetyl-Co. A FADH 2 + NADH + H+ Capryloyl-Co. A 8 carbon atoms + Acetyl-Co. A FADH 2 + NADH + H+ Hexanoyl-Co. A 6 carbon atoms + Acetyl-Co. A FADH 2 + NADH + H+ Butanoyl-Co. A 4 carbon atoms + Acetyl-Co. A FADH 2 + NADH + H+ Acetyl-Co. A

Energy production in β-oxidation of 1 mol of palmitoyl-Co. A FADH 2 NADH + H Acetyl-Co. A FADH 2 1, 5 ATP 3 NADH + H+ 7, 5 ATP 1 ATP Total 1, 5 ATP x 7 = 10, 5 ATP 2, 5 ATP x 7 = 17, 5 ATP 10 ATP x 8 = 80, 0 ATP 108 ATP – 2 ATP (for activation of palmitate) = 106 ATP (net gain)

Use of propionyl-Co. A Krebs cycle

Lipogenesis

Acetyl-Co. A carboxylase reaction

Reactions of lipogenesis Fatty acid

epinephrine, glucagon c. AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) AMP-activated kinase (AMPKK) AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) acetyl-Co. A carboxylase