Overview of soil data at European scales F

Overview of soil data at European scales F. Carré & T. Mayr 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 1

Need to distinguish… EU Commission data 25 EU Member States data EU Commission 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 2

EU Commission data 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 3

3 kinds of data Vector map data (scale is important) Raster data (resolution is important) Profile measurement & estimates 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 4

3 kinds of data Vector map data (scale is important) Raster data (resolution is important) Profile measurement & estimates 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 5

Vector data Eurasian soil data at 1: 1 M scale 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 6

Attributes attached to STU Contains 73 attributes Extrapolated/ generalized Texture (according to FAO) Land use Parent material Dominant limitation to agricultural use STU name (WRB 98, FAO 90…) Obstacle depth for root OC of topsoil, CEC, BS… derived from PTF Updated in the SINFO context Crusting Erodibility AWC Topsoil packing density… 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 7

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Attributes attached to STU Parameters and Pedotransfer Functions Mualem-van Genuchten parameters fitting on the geometric mean curves Topsoils Subsoils Organic* qr qs a Coarse 0. 025 0. 403 0. 0383 Medium 0. 010 0. 439 Medium/fine 0. 010 Fine n m l 1. 3774 0. 2740 1. 2500 60. 000 0. 0314 1. 1804 0. 1528 -2. 3421 12. 061 0. 430 0. 0083 1. 2539 0. 2025 -0. 5884 2. 272 0. 010 0. 520 0. 0367 1. 1012 0. 0919 -1. 9772 24. 800 Very Fine 0. 010 0. 614 0. 0265 1. 1033 0. 0936 2. 5000 15. 000 Coarse 0. 025 0. 366 0. 0430 1. 5206 0. 3424 1. 2500 70. 000 Medium 0. 010 0. 392 0. 0249 1. 1689 0. 1445 -0. 7437 10. 755 Medium/fine 0. 010 0. 412 0. 0082 1. 2179 0. 1789 0. 5000 4. 000 Fine 0. 010 0. 481 0. 0198 1. 0861 0. 0793 -3. 7124 8. 500 Very Fine 0. 010 0. 538 0. 0168 1. 0730 0. 0680 0. 0001 8. 235 0. 010 0. 766 0. 0130 1. 2039 0. 1694 0. 4000 8. 000 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES * Within the organic soils no distinction is made in topsoils and subsoils Ks 9

Vector data Ground Water Resources Produce data from digitizing Europeand wide ground water maps, resulting from a study by EU Catalogue national water resources for 12 Member States of the European Union 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 10

Vector data Delineation of watersheds Under FP 6 CCM developed a first version of a European-wide river and catchment database for future use in environmental modeling activities. The database corresponds to a mapping scale of roughly 1: 250 000 to 1: 500, 000, depending on the region. 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 11

3 kinds of data Vector map data (scale is important) Raster data (resolution is important) Profile measurement & estimates 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 12

Raster data PESERA: Pan-European Soil Erosion Estimation Risk Assessment Soil erosion estimates (t/ha/yr) by applying the PESERA GRID model at 1 km x 1 km New version redone by Salvaradjou from DSM techniques 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 13

Raster data ü Organic Carbon Content on Topsoils 0 -30 cm ü The data are in GRID format and are available as ASCII raster file or in native ESRI GRID format (1 km x 1 km) ü Done by PTF (Jones et al. , 2004) 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 14

Raster data Eurasian soil database at 1 km*1 km resolution 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 15

Other raster data related to soil issues Corine Land Cover 2000 ü GRID format in native ESRI GRID format (25 m x 25 m) ü Description of 44 classes (mostly urban) SRTM 90 m vs 3 (Void filling corrected) … 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 16

3 kinds of data Vector map data (scale is important) Raster data (resolution is important) Profile measurement & estimates 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 17

Profiles & measurements Danube. SIS - Soil Information System on the Danube River Objectives: Collection of Soil Point Data in the Danube River Provide the data to Flood Risk Assessment Results: 1200 points per country: country CZ, AUT, BA, ROM, SK, HU, … Data / hrz: granulometry, Soil type name, Hrz depth, OM class, humus type, obstacle to roots… 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 18

Profiles & measurements SPADE_M: Soil profiles of Europe (146 profiles) Measured par. of the representative profiles of Eu. SIS STU Texture (& particle size grades) Organic matter content (C, N) Structure Total nitrogen content p. H ESP or SAR Calcium carbonate content Calcium sulphate content Electric conductivity CEC and exchangeable bases Soil water retention Bulk density Root depth Groundwater level Parent material 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 19

Profiles & measurements SPADE_M (from Forest Focus database) Level I (mandatory at 16 km * 16 km) and Level II data (acc. to MS) 4560 profiles in Forest Soils at Level I Sampled at 5 depths Physical soil parameter Organic layer Coarse fragments Bulk density of the fine earth Particle size distribution Clay content Silt content Sand content Chemical soil parameter p. H(Ca. Cl 2) Organic carbon Total nitrogen Carbonates Aqua regia extracted P, Ca, K, Mg, Mn Aqua Regia extracted Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn Aqua Regia extracted Al, Fe, Cr, Ni, S, Hg, Na Exchangeable acidity Exchangeable cations Ca, mg, K, Na, Al, Fe, Mn, H p. H(H 2 O) 3/4/2021 Total elements Ca, Mg, Na, K, al, Fe, Mn JRC Ispra - IES Oxalate extractable Fe, Al 20

Profiles & measurements LUCAS (Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey) 250. 000 points in 2005 Deals with: Very detailed land use classes Erosion Natural hazards Now: soil texture… 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 21

Data evaluated by Member States (from 2003) 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 22

Member States data (1/3) 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 23

Member States data (2/3) 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 24

Member States data (3/3) 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 25

Conclusions 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 26

A lot of data but not too much measurements A lot of estimated data by PTFs For the moment, there is no harmonization of measured data. This will come from Biosoil study (measurements will be finished in August 2008) but it represents only 10% of the whole plots 3/4/2021 JRC Ispra - IES 27