Overview of FAA Industry ASAS Applications Randall Bone

Overview of FAA / Industry ASAS Applications Randall Bone, MITRE October 6, 2003

Outline Q Safe Flight 21 Q ASAS Applications Q Safe Flight 21 Domains – – Surface Terminal Capstone Flight Safety Q Challenges & Closing Remarks Q FAA Contacts 2

Acronyms Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q ADS-B – Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast AOC – Airline Operation Center ARTS – Automated Radar Terminal System ASAS – Airborne Separation Assurance Systems ASSA – Airport Surface Situational Awareness ASDE-X – Airport Surface Detection Equipment Model X ATC – Air Traffic Control CDTI – Cockpit Display of Traffic Information CEFR – CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules CFIT – Controlled Flight Into Terrain EFB – Electronic Flight Bag ETMS – Enhanced Traffic Management System FAA – Federal Aviation Administration FAROA – Final Approach and Runway Occupancy Awareness FIS-B – Flight Information Service - Broadcast FMA – Final Monitor Aid GPS – Global Positioning System IFR – Instrument Flight Rules MVA – Minimum Vectoring Altitude OSED – Operational Service and Environment Description R&D – Research and Development SA – Situational Awareness SF-21 – Safe Flight 21 STARS – Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System STM – Surface Traffic Management TFM – Traffic Flow Management TIS-B – Traffic Information Service - Broadcast UPS – United Parcel Service VFR – Visual Flight Rules VMC – Visual Meteorological Conditions WAAS – Wide Area Augmentation System WHJTC – William J. Hughes Technical Center (FAA) 3

Safe Flight 21 Program Overview – – Expedite emerging technology (GPS, ADS-B, FIS-B, TIS-B) Government and industry cooperation Demonstrate 9 enhancements in test beds: Alaska, Louisville, Memphis… Examine requirements and risks, build a little, test a little, deploy a little (transition to national airspace) Ground-to-Ground ü • Improved Surface Navigation for the Pilot ü • Enhanced Controller Management of Surface Traffic Air-to-Air • Improved Separation Standards ü • Improved Low-Visibility Approaches ü • Enhanced See and Avoid ü • Enhanced Operations for En Route Air-to-Air ü Current Focus Air-to-Ground & Self-Contained ü • Affordable Reduction of Controlled Flight into Terrain (CFIT) ü • Surveillance Coverage in Non-Radar Airspace Ground-to-Air ü • Weather and Other Data to the Cockpit 4

Near-Term SF-21 ASAS Applications Enhancement Improved Terminal Operations in Low Visibility Enhanced See and Avoid Enhanced En Route Air-to. Air Operations Improved Surface Navigation for the Pilot ASAS Category SA Application Status Enhanced Visual Approach Operational CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules Initial concept developed SA Enhanced visual acquisition of other traffic for see and avoid Operational SA Conflict Detection Operational SA Pilot situational awareness beyond visual range Operational SA Final approach and runway occupancy awareness (FAROA) Initial concept and standards developed SA Airport surface situational awareness (ASSA) Initial concept and standards developed Separation Q Applications chosen since had user interest, near term implementation potential, and existing, well defined concepts 5

RTCA / EUROCAE ASAS Standards Development (Package I) Q Joint development of ASAS application descriptions and functional / performance requirements (joint standards) EUROCAE Unique Applications Common Applications RTCA Unique Applications Enhanced Sequencing & Merging Operations Enhanced Traffic Situation Awareness on the Airport Surface CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules Enhanced Crossing & Passing Operations Enhanced Traffic Situation Awareness During Flight Operations Approach Spacing for Instrument Approaches (probe analysis) Enhanced Visual Acquisition for See & Avoid Independent Closely Spaced Parallel Approaches (probe analysis) Enhanced Successive Visual Approaches Airborne Conflict Management (probe analysis) In-Trail Procedure in Oceanic Airspace 6

Foundation For Broadcast Services Implementation Avionics & Standards Air Transport Avionics • ACSS L-3 Communications • Transponder XS-950 Commercial • Transponder XS-950 S/I Military • Honeywell • CAS 67 A TCAS II • Rockwell Collins • TDR-94/94 D Mode S Transponder • TPR-901 Mode S Transponder • Garmin AT • LDPU • Transponder General Aviation Avionics Standards • DO-272 User Requirements for Aerodrome Mapping: October 2001 • ADS-B Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards (MASPS) Revision A: April 2002 • Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) Minimum Operations Performance Standard (MOPS): June 2002 • ADS-B 1090 MHz MOPS Rev A: April 2003 • TIS-B MASPS: April 2003 • ASA MASPS: ~ October 2003 • Garmin • GTX-330 Mode S Transponder • Garmin AT Airframes • MX-20 • Airbus (March 2003) • Honeywell • Boeing (March 2004) • KT-73 Vehicles • Trios (2003) • Sensis (2002) Ground Infrastructure • Prototype • UPS-AT GBT (1999) • Sensis ASDE-X (1999) • Production • ASDE-X (2005/2006) • Capstone (2004) • Standalone Ground Stations (2005) Automation • Terminal • Common. ARTS (2004) • STARS (2005) • SATDS (2004/2005) • En. Route/Ocean • Micro. EARTS (2001) • ERAM (2007/2008) • ATOP (2006) • Surface • ASDE-X (August 2003) • Flight Following (2002) 7

Architecture Building Blocks Moving Maps • Traffic • Taxi Clearance • CDTI • Heads Up Display Control Tower Data Link Ramp Tower/AOC • Ramp • Taxi TIS-B Surface Devices Multilateration ADS-B Surface Radar Fusion Surface Vehicles Terminal Radar Surveillance Source TFM ETMS Surface Vehicles Terminal Automation 8

Surface (Memphis, TN – Test Bed) 9

Surface Moving Map • Approaching implementation • Standards / certification guidance in place • Map database building (78 to date; 160 by 2005) • First aircraft certification anticipated in 10/03 on Boeing 777 EFB • Next step: ADS-B (for ASSA & FAROA) © Boeing Cockpit / Vehicle Intervention Provides “Last Line of Defense” in Solving Runway Incursion Problem

Vehicle Tracking • ADS-B provides means to track vehicles and display to controllers via ASDE-X or pilots (for ASSA & FAROA) • Advisory Circular for industry standards under development • Demonstration completed • Early stages of equipping at Memphis, Louisville, & Dallas. Fort Worth Cockpit / Vehicle Intervention Provides “Last Line of Defense” in Solving Runway Incursion Problem

Surface Traffic Management (STM) • SF-21 focus on development of new STM tools leveraging new ASDE-X surface data (e. g. , arrival / departure schedule tool) • Provide Airlines / Service Operations Center displays in several airports n Development of “data distribution” specification • Define requirements for interoperability of STM data between Airlines / Tower / Flow Control • First ASDE-X installation due 10/03 • Prototyped at Memphis Leveraging FAA Investment in ASDE-X. Will Enable New Range of Tactical / Strategic Surface Management Applications

Terminal (Louisville, KY – Test Bed) 13

Q UPS equipping with AT 2000 CDTI and conducting enhanced situational awareness with 757 / 767 fleet (total of 107 aircraft) – Includes conflict detection, situational awareness flight, see and avoid, enhanced visual approach AT 2000 Enhanced Situational Awareness Q Metrics being collected and measured against baseline Q Next steps: – Implement call sign use in traffic advisory procedure – UPS plans to seek approval for CDTI Enhanced Flight Rules (CEFR) in FY 04 CEFR Shows Potential Airline Operating Cost Savings at 31 Benchmark Airports 14

ADS-B to Air Traffic Control Q ADS-B currently being integrated into terminal automation systems – ADS-B use and depiction of equipage currently being defined Q STARS demo performed at Memphis showed ADS-B can perform “PRM-like” function on Final Monitor Aid (FMA) display Q Integration Schedule FY 04 On Contract FY 06 On Contract ADS-B Could Eliminate Need for PRM Systems and Enable PRM -like Capability at Wider Range of Airports 15

Capstone 16

Capstone Services Q ADS-B (air-to-air) – Provides “enhanced see and avoid” Q ADS-B (air-to-ground) – Enables ATC services via Anchorage Center (1/2001) Q TIS-B (ground-to-air) * – Completes traffic picture Q FIS-B (weather uplink) – Provides weather awareness Q CFIT (onboard avionics) – Provides low cost terrain avoidance Q Flight Dispatch Services – Provides flight monitoring and asset management services 17 * Future services

Flight Safety 18

Flight Safety Applications - General Aviation Focus ADS-B and broadcast services • • Transition of Capstone effort to lower US Capstone based avionics Flight dispatch, weather, & traffic services Dual strategy to implement broadcast services (TIS-B and FIS-B) – Small airport infrastructure » Establish test beds » Establish pockets of implementation (Prescott, AZ/SATSLabs/East Coast) – Leverage ASDE-X infrastructure (add broadcast services) Broadcast Services Coverage 59 ASDE-X Sites • Stimulating “self equipage” • State sponsored cost shares Directly Addresses Three Main Culprits of GA Accidents: Mid Airs, Weather, CFIT 19

Future Challenges Q User buy-in / affordability / cost benefit Q Solving human factors issues (pilots & controllers), e. g. , interfaces, mixed equipage operations Q Global interoperability and harmonization of standards and procedures Q Longer term- Acceptance of changing roles & responsibilities for pilots and controllers 20

Closing Remarks Q Over past 4 years ADS-B foundation put in place – Avionics & Standards…Ground Infrastructure…Automation Q Service Portfolio – Radar like services…Enhanced Situational Awareness…Surface Management…FIS-B…TIS-B Q Interest in other “user pull” pockets to solve specific needs / services 21

For Further Information Contact… Q Surface – Surface Moving Maps • Tom Prevost - tom. prevost@faa. gov – Vehicle Tracking • Robert Smith - robert. smith@faa. gov Q Terminal – John Marksteiner - john. marksteiner@faa. gov Q Capstone – Jim Hebert - jim. CTR. hebert@faa. gov Q Flight Safety – Jim Mc. Daniel - James. Mc. Daniel@faa. gov Q Standards, International, & Automation – Gene Wong - Gene. Wong@faa. gov 22