Overview of Advancements in Plasma Control Supervision Kevin

Overview of Advancements in Plasma Control Supervision Kevin Meyer Ph. D. (University of Cape Town, South Africa) Cosylab kevin. meyer@cosylab. com Tel. : +386 1 477 66 76 Web: www. cosylab. com

2 Contents q About Cosylab Work for ITER q General Supervisory Systems Incl. Plasma Control Using ITER as a reference q Supervisory System Data q Supervisory Systems: What they do Plasma Control System Central Safety System Central Interlock System q In Detail… ITER Supervision and Automation System q Conclusions

3 Contents q About Cosylab Work for ITER q General Supervisory Systems Incl. Plasma Control Using ITER as a reference q Supervisory System Data q Supervisory Systems: What they do Plasma Control System Central Safety System Central Interlock System q In Detail… ITER Supervision and Automation System q Conclusions

4 About Cosylab q Cosylab Specialised software and hardware development ~150 Employees, more than ½ are Engineers/Physicists System integration (control systems and instrumentation) Core technologies EPICS, TANGO, Lab. VIEW, CSS, Win. CC OA and FPGA Certifications ISO 9001: 2015 ISO 13485: 2003 Production of control and information systems for therapeutic and diagnostic medical devices http: //www. cosylab. com

5 What Cosylab does for ITER q Since 2008 Controls System Division q CODAC (Control, Data Access and Communication) brain and central nervous system of ITER Connects >30 major plant systems, >1, 000 signals q CODAC Core System Software suite to support development for easier final integration q Cosylab Development of CODAC Core System User Support and Training q Me Operations Applications For configuration and automation tasks ITER Real-time framework ITER Supervision

6 Contents q About Cosylab Work for ITER q General Supervisory Systems Incl. Plasma Control Using ITER as a reference q Supervisory System Data q Supervisory Systems: What they do Plasma Control System Central Safety System Central Interlock System q In Detail… ITER Supervision and Automation System q Conclusions

7 Supervisory Systems q Experiments acquire data to Validate hypotheses Test control algorithms etc. Designed by Scientists q Control components/DAQ systems Supervisory Magnetic Coil Power Supply Neutral Beam Programmed by System Experts Use actuators/sensors to execute their program q Supervisory systems High-level with oversight Like the conductor in an orchestra q Many supervisory systems: Work together to execute experiment https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Vancouver_Symphony_Orchestra

8 Supervisory Systems at ITER q Plasma Control System real-time control of a pulse q Central Safety System protects people and the environment q Central Interlock System protects the machine q Supervision and Automation System co-ordinates everything Full science pulse Other parallel activities Testing Commissioning

9 Contents q About Cosylab Work for ITER q General Supervisory Systems Incl. Plasma Control Using ITER as a reference q Supervisory System Data q Supervisory Systems: What they do Plasma Control System Central Safety System Central Interlock System q In Detail… ITER Supervision and Automation System q Conclusions

Supervisory System Data 10 Overview q Plasma Control System Needs to be configured Pulse schedule q Central Safety System Provides supervisory input to PCS/SUP q Central Interlock System Provides supervisory input to PCS/SUP Can be configured q Supervision and Automation System Basically, needs to know everything about everything! It needs to know: What Plasma Control System expects to do Central Safety System state Central Interlock System state Can recommend changes. Settings for participating plant systems.

Supervisory System Data 11 Plasma Control System q High-level experiment expectations are defined early. e. g. to achieve a certain fusion power q Phases are necessary Intermediate steps q Hypothetical ITER values From top Fusion output power (Pfus) Plasma current (Ip) Poloidal field flux (PF flux) Fueling rate (DT fuel) Input heating Power (Paux) Phases PF Magnetization Plasma Initiation Heating Burn …

Supervisory System Data 12 Pulse Schedule q Aggregated information Configuration Required systems etc. q Composition: Collaborative effort Science: High-level parameters System Specialists: How to achieve them Diagnosticians: How to measure them q Assumptions: System availability Configuration q Includes Configuration Values Rules Validation checks q All that is needed…

Supervisory System Data 13 Supervision and Automation System q Needs to know: What Plasma Control System expects to do Expected Central Safety System state Expected Central Interlock System state Pulse Schedule Can recommend changes. Settings for participating plant systems. q To perform automated tasks automates mundane tasks Rule: encodes behavior for the tasks Rules & Scripts Script: Developed in collaboration between the CODAC staff and plant system experts

14 Contents q About Cosylab Work for ITER q General Supervisory Systems Incl. Plasma Control Using ITER as a reference q Supervisory System Data q Supervisory Systems: What they do Plasma Control System Central Safety System Central Interlock System q In Detail… ITER Supervision and Automation System q Conclusions

Plasma Control System Overview q Generally: “plasma control supervision” = high-level algorithms to steer the plasma. q Layered hierarchy of real-time tasks: Detailed plant system control Parameter Computation Higher-level Computation q Supervisory Actions control Real-time protection Plasma Phase Computation Plasma Current Computation Phase Shape Controller “minor” issues → e. g. “hotspots” Magnetic Coil Power Supply Magnetic Diagnostic Supervision 15

Plasma Control System 16 Real-time Protection q Low-risk protection q Provides fine control Implemented in software on fast computers q Example: Hotspot detection JET, WEST, Wendelstein 7 X Thermal Hotspot detected Adjust heating systems if possible

17 Central Safety System & Central Interlock System [1] q Two critical systems q Central Safety System Protect People Protect the Environment Further divided: Occupational Safety Nuclear Safety q Central Interlock System Protect the machine q Both can: interrupt the current pulse Inhibit the next pulse

18 Central Safety System & Central Interlock System [2] q Implemented with certified, dedicated controllers With redundancy q Logic – special logic controllers Dedicated sensors Outputs (typically Boolean) PASS/FAIL or OK/Not OK q Logic → “limited” “If the transformer yard gate is open” q Control → “Heavy handed” “Prevent power to the transformers” q Critical: Quench detection → Fast shutdown of plasma

19 Contents q About Cosylab Work for ITER q General Supervisory Systems Incl. Plasma Control Using ITER as a reference q Supervisory System Data q Supervisory Systems: What they do Plasma Control System Central Safety System Central Interlock System q In Detail… ITER Supervision and Automation System q Conclusions

Supervision and Automation 20 Overview q Gets the machine ready q Uses information from: “Pulse Schedule” Safety and Interlocks Running systems Own subsystems q High-level checks Orchestration Configuration Timing Monitoring Defers to appropriate sub-systems q Maximize utilization: Single (“Full” Science) or Parallel Operation (Commissioning/Testing) q Maximize Availability / Minimize wastage Time and Resources

Supervision and Automation 21 Supervision Activities q Execute Pulse Sequence q Pre-Pulse Fetch Check Configure Postcheck Verify Pulse Sequence q During Pulse Hand-over Configure Monitoring Systems q Post-Pulse Post-check Check Updating Engineering Budgets Verify

Supervision and Automation 22 Check q Critical Checks Is “Current System” compatible with desired operation? Fetch q Detailed Checks: Postcheck Check Hand-over Configure Require specialized knowledge and information E. g. Pulse specifies 10 MA plasma current Are the required power supplies available? Is the responsible person licensed to execute this pulse? Verify

Supervision and Automation 23 Configure q Configure Plant Systems q Configure Interlocks Via Fetch Engineer in charge Postcheck Check Hand-over Configure Verify

Supervision and Automation 24 Check, Verify q To detect problems q If a problem is detected Raises notification Option for engineer-in-charge to override and continue q Important: Early days Fetch Postcheck Check Handover Configure Supervision checks may be buggy ; ) Defer to Engineer-in-Charge Verify

Supervision and Automation 25 Post-check q After pulse q Update Engineering Budgets Examples: neutron damage mechanical stress Fetch q Restart of pulse sequence Unless Postcheck Check Handover Configure inhibited by safety or interlocks Verify

Supervision and Automation 26 Utilization q In general, two utilization modes: Full “Science” Pulse One of many Parallel Activities e. g. Testing and Commissioning q Full “Science” Pulse Whole machine is involved Full Pulse Sequence Fetch Postcheck Check Hand-over Configure Verify

Supervision and Automation 27 Utilization: Parallel Activities q During Testing and Commissioning Inefficient to do only one task at a time: Need Parallel tasks, e. g. Neutral Beam Injector testing Coil Power Supply testing q Supervision provides support: Resource Magnetics diagnostics (background calibration) Blocks coil energization With Locks & Exclusion checks monitors Just in case some-one manually operates an “excluded” system

28 Contents q About Cosylab Work for ITER q General Supervisory Systems Incl. Plasma Control Using ITER as a reference q Supervisory System Data q Supervisory Systems: What they do Plasma Control System Central Safety System Central Interlock System q In Detail… ITER Supervision and Automation System q Conclusions

29 Conclusions q Plasma Control System Implemented as multi-layer real-time algorithms Executes the pulse schedule Controls all plant systems Intrinsically provides plasma control supervision Includes real-time protection Low-risk q Other Supervisory Systems: Safety Interlocks Supervision and Automation Gets the machine ready → full pulse sequence Parallel activities where possible To Maximize availability! To Minimize wastage! Automates repetitive, manual tasks.

THANK YOU! Kevin Meyer Cosylab kevin. meyer@cosylab. com Tel. : +386 1 477 66 76 Web: www. cosylab. com