Overview Background Problem Statement Client Requirements Design Evaluation
Overview ü Background ü Problem Statement ü Client Requirements ü Design Evaluation ü Future Work
Background ü Fluoroscopy- Real time X-ray imaging ü Focus- Neck and Spine Fractures ü Used when other techniques fail http: //www. perthradclinic. com. au/fluoroscopy_files/image 004. jpg
Problem Statement ü Current methods for observing a patients neck under fluoroscopy are overly difficult. Technicians have to physically move the patient’s head in various positions with their hands while the examination is taking place. This is time consuming and potentially dangerous. We are designing a device that will flex and extend the head about the neck. It provides rotation about the spine isocentric to the normal rotation point for flexion and extension, without obstructing radiographic imaging.
Client Requirements ü Mimic natural flexion and extension of neck ü 45º extension and 25º flexion ü Low X-ray attenuation ü One person operation ü One device ü Safety
Design Goals ü Portable ü Easy access for patient ü Remote operation ü Cost less than $10, 000 ü Smooth and comfortable motion ü Universal
Materials ü Must have low x-ray attenuation http: //physics. nist. gov/Phys. Ref. Data/Xray. Mass. Coef/tab 4. html
Cable Design ü Cables control head rotation ü Achieved by “reeling” mechanism
Cable Design Evaluation Advantages üInexpensive üWorks easily with motor üProvides good control Disadvantages üTakes up a lot of space üMay not be universal üSafety
Airbag Design ü Use air to move headboard ü Achieve desired angles by the amount of air pumped in ü Air pumped in at a constant rate
Airbag Design Evaluation Advantages Disadvantages ü Easy to use ü Bulky, not universal ü One man operation ü May not mimic the exact movement of neck ü Slow and steady rotation ü Not precise
Haughton Design ü Hinge at base for rotation ü Head support slides on arms ü Rests on table
Haughton Design Evaluation Advantages üPrecise movement üPortable üUniversal üSafety Disadvantages üComplexity üCost
Design Matrix Category Weight CABLE AIRBAG HAUGHTON Portability 20 10 15 18 Easy Of Use 10 8 6 8 Cost 10 10 8 5 Neck Movement 20 10 14 18 Patient Safety 20 12 16 20 Durability 10 5 7 8 Complexity 5 4 3 3 Accuracy 5 5 1 5 TOTAL 100 64 58 85
Future work ü Develop working prototype ü Obtain or design head support ü Obtain suitable motor ü Design remote control interface ü Preliminary tests on humans ü Obtain certification from IRB ü Test on actual patient
References ü http: //www. perthradclinic. com. au/fluoroscopy_f iles/image 004. jpg ü http: //physics. nist. gov/Phys. Ref. Data/Xray. Mass Coef/tab 4. html ü B. A. Schueler, “General Overview of Fluoroscopic Imaging, ” Radiography 20, 1115 (2000).
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