Outreach Innovation Building Kyle Pepperman The Pennsylvania State

Outreach Innovation Building Kyle Pepperman The Pennsylvania State University Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Spring 2005 Kyle Pepperman Outreach Innovation Building Mechanical Option Spring 2005

Presentation Outline n n n n n Project Background Project Team Existing Conditions Redesign Goals Mechanical Redesign Electrical Analysis Fire Protection Analysis Conclusions Acknowledgements Questions Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 South-East View 2

Project Background 97, 000 gross square feet n $27 Million total project cost n Home to Penn State Public Broadcasting and World Campus (WPSX-TV and WPSU-FM) n Building Features 1 main and several smaller television production studios, radio facilities, World Campus resource library, and offices. n Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 3

Project Team n n n n n Owner Architect Construction Manager Studio Design Consultant Struct. , MEP, Fire Prot. Eng Acoustic Consultant Telecomm. Design Consult. Audiovisual Equip. Consult. Civil Engineer Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Penn State Research Park Developers Inc. GBQC Architects, PC Poole Anderson Construction LLC. The Lawrence Group Architects Associated Engineering Consultants Shen Milsom & Wilke, Inc. PSU Office of Telecommunications PSU Office of Media Technology Gannett-Fleming, Inc. Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 4

Existing Conditions n Building Envelope 3 -story n Brick Façade and aluminum panels to match surrounding buildings n Large curtain windows on east and south side of building n Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 South-East View 5

Existing Conditions n Lighting/Electrical Radial System with 15 k. V service cable into a 12. 47 k. V-480 Y/277 V transformer n 2400 A, 3 -phase, 4 -wire main switchboard n 100 k. VA emergency generator n UPS for loads that require uninterruptible power n n Fire Protection Wet-pipe automatic system n Dry-pipe system within server and video archive area n Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 6

Existing Conditions n Mechanical n Design Conditions n Summer 89 F DB, 72 F WB n Winter 5 FDB n 6 -Air Handling Units n Cooling coils range from 24. 2 to 81. 2 tons n 10, 000 to 35, 000 cfm Perimeter 2 -Pipe Fan Coil Units n 2 -175 ton rooftop chillers and 1 -54 ton chiller n UFAD and Ducted Systems n Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 7

Redesign Goals n Reduce Energy Use n n Save money Proper Indoor Air Quality Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 South View 8

Mechanical Redesign n Dedicated Outdoor Air System Overview Independent unit to supply minimum OA for ventilation n Parallel system to meet remaining load n n DOAS Benefits Exact ventilation n Reduced OA loads n Lower Operating Cost n Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 South-West View 9

Mechanical Redesign n New Mechanical System n Single chilled water AHU for ventilation n 11, 500 cfm n 77 tons cooling 2 -Pipe Fan Coil Units as parallel system n Some equipped with electrical heat for transition between seasons n Original AHU that supplies Server room to remain Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 10

Mechanical Redesign n Enthalpy Wheel with DOAS n Reduced cooling coil load n Scroll Chiller n Original = 435 tons and 640 gpm n Redesign = 240 tons and 460 gpm n Reduction of 200 tons or 45% 2 -Air Cooled Chillers were selected to replace 2 larger existing air cooled chillers n Existing smaller chiller to remain n n Used for Data Center AHU Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 11

Mechanical Redesign n Pumps and Piping Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Original Redesign Primary CHW 2 @ 280 gpm 2 @ 190 gpm Secondary CHW 2 @ 640 gpm 2 @ 460 gpm Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 West View 12

Mechanical Redesign n Underfloor Air Distribution System n Advantages n n Flexible Large amount of data cables n Disadvantages n n n Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Possible leakage Requires a large volume of air Supply air temperature Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 13

Mechanical Redesign n Underfloor Air Distribution System with DOAS n VOA*TOA + VFC*TFC = VTOT*(65 F) n (168)*(50 F) + VFC*(70 F) = (5194)*(65 F) n VFC = 4706 cfm Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 14

Mechanical Redesign n Emissions n Percent Reduction n NOx = 29% SOx, CO 2, and Particulates = 16% Energy Charge n Electricity = $0. 02383 / KWh n Natural Gas = $0. 5 / therm n Energy Cost Savings n Savings of 692, 632 KWh/Year = 16% reduction n $43, 623 per year Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 15

Mechanical Redesign n Cost Analysis n New Equipment Cost = $448, 850 n Original Equipment Cost = $388, 650 n Cost Difference for Redesign = $60, 200 Simple Payback Period = 1 year 5 months n Lost Rentable Space n n Original Design = 7417 sq. ft. = 8. 7% n Redesign = 4840 sq. ft. = 5% Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 16

Electrical Analysis n Analyzed effects of Mechanical Redesign Circuit Breaker Size n Conductor Size n Conduit Size n New Primary Chilled Water Pump (Quantity 2) (2 HP, 480 V, 3 -Phase, P. F. = 0. 90) NEC Table: 430 -150 => FLC=2. 7 A KVA= 1. 73 * 2. 7 A * 480 V * 0. 9 = 2. 017 KVA Circuit Breaker Size: 2. 7 A * 250% = 6. 75 A => 20 A, 3 P Breaker Conductor Size: 2. 7 A * 125% = 3. 375 A NEC Table 310. 16 => #12 THW (Cu) Conduit Size: NEC Table C 1 => 1/2” Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 17

Electrical Analysis Panel Comparison Schedule Unit Hp Voltage Phase FLC A k. VA Quantity Total k. VA New Chiller 12 480 3 2. 1 30 1. 569 12 18. 828 New P-1 2 480 3 2. 7 20 2. 017 2 4. 034 New P-2 14. 92 k. W 480 3 17. 97 60 13. 43 2 26. 86 New AHU 20 480 3 27 100 20. 17 1 20. 17 Enthalpy Wheel 1/4 480 3 1. 1 15 0. 822 1 0. 822 Fan Coils 3 k. W 480 3 3. 6 40 2. 69 31 83. 39 Old Chiller 217 k. W 480 3 261 800 195. 06 2 390. 12 Old P-2&3 5 480 3 7. 6 25 5. 68 2 11. 36 Old P-4 A&B 15 480 3 21 70 15. 695 2 31. 39 Old AHU 2 A&B 25 480 3 34 110 25. 4 2 50. 8 10 480 3 14 40 10. 5 2 21 Old AHU 3 A&B 60 480 3 77 250 57. 5 2 115 25 480 3 34 110 25. 4 2 50. 8 Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 18

Electrical Analysis n Panelboard Comparison Original = 1000 A n Redesign = 300 A n New Equipment North-West View Total k. VA = Sum k. VA + 25% * k. VAmax = 175 Min Ampacity = Total k. VA / (0. 48 k. V * 1. 73) = 210. 75 Max Ampacity = (Sum k. VA + 75% * k. VAmax) / (0. 48 k. V * 1. 73) = 260. 86 Panel Ampacity = 300 A Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 19

Fire Protection Analysis Analyzed use of Clean Agent FP System n HFC-227 ea chosen as agent n n n Design Concentration n n Suitable for use in normally occupied spaces 8 -10. 8% Agent Hold Time > 10 minutes Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 20

Fire Protection Analysis n Tank Size 88. 7 lbs. – 1600 cu. ft. n 500 lbs. – 9000 cu. ft. n 665 lbs – 12000 cu. ft. n Floor mounted Tanks n 1” Piping n Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 21

Conclusions n DOAS with Fan Coils provide proper ventilation with reduced energy consumption n n Electrical n n Yearly energy reduction of 16% Cost savings of $43, 623 per year 1 year 5 month payback period Redesign of mechanical equipment reduced mechanical demand Fire Protection n Clean Agent System using HFC-227 ea should be used to protect valuable information and equipment Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 22

Acknowledgements Jae-Weon Jeong n Jeff Kokoski n Joel Haight n Adam Warriner n Fellow Classmates n Luke Klock n Ryan Wanko and Ryan Buff n Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 23

Questions Kyle Pepperman Mechanical Option Outreach Innovation Building Spring 2005 24