Outline 3 Volcanic Hazards and Risks ESS 315POE
- Slides: 53
Outline #3 Volcanic Hazards and Risks ESS 315/POE 313 Volcanism and Magma Properties of Magma -composition -dissolved gases -temperature -viscosity Eruptive Styles Nonexplosive Eruptions Explosive Eruptions Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics Shield Volcanoes Strato Volcanoes Pyroclastic Cones Other Features
Volcanic Hazards Primary Effects -lava flows -pyroclastic eruptions -poisonous gas emissions Secondary Effects -mudflows and debris avalanches -flooding (glacial outburst floods) -tsunamis -seismicity -atmospheric effects and climate change Volcanic Hazards along the Cascadia Subduction Zone Predicting Eruptions Monitoring the Movement of Magma -seismic studies -magnetic field changes -electrical resistivity Physical Anomalies and Precursor Phenomena -ground deformation -change in heat output -change in the composition of gases -local seismic activity
Basalt flows will travel great distances and slope angles will reflect low viscosity.
Rhyolite/dacite flows will retain steep slope fronts because of high viscosity.
Mono Craters, California: VEI - 1 -3
Mount Saint Helens: VEI = 5
Mount Pinatubo: VEI 6
Bishop Ash in alluvial fan deposit. Longvalley Caldera: VEI = 7.
Yellowstone Caldera: VEI = 8
Hawaiian Type Eruption
Phreatic Eruption: MSH April 4, 1980 Plinian Eruption: St. Pierre 1903
Low viscosity basalt flows erupted along the East African Rift Zone travel great distances and create broad lava plateaus.
Although basaltic eruptions tend to be effusive, contact with snow and ice can create catastrophic outburst floods.
Volcanism associated with subduction zones tends to be explosive as andesitic and dacitic magma has a relatively high viscosity coupled with high gas content.
Oceanic hotspots produce basaltic shield volcanoes with relatively gentle slope profiles.
- Physical hazards
- Understanding hazards and risks
- Primary volcanic hazards
- Volcanic hazards
- Quote one topic sentence
- Shows opportunities and challenges in media and information
- Volcanic or plutonic rock
- What is folding faulting and volcanic activity
- Rhyolite and basalt
- Actions to address risks and opportunities
- Costs and risks of database approach
- Chapter 1 lesson 3 health risks and your behavior
- Cloud computing benefits and risks
- Chapter 1 lesson 3 health risks and your behavior
- Chapter 1 lesson 3 health risks and your behavior
- Technology and other operational risks
- Risks and mitigation slide
- Project finance risks and mitigants
- Workstation domain risks threats and vulnerabilities
- Country location decision
- Types of volcanoes
- Factor affecting volcanic eruption
- Which letter indicates when dinosaurs became extinct?
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic features
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- What is tephra
- Chapter 18 volcanic activity
- Volcanic island arc map
- Volcanic island arc
- Volcanic belts form along the boundaries of earth's
- Volcanic ash
- Population of argentina
- Volcanic ash
- Igneous rocks
- What are the steps of secondary succession
- Volcanic cinder appraisal
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Clastic vs non clastic
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash
- Volcanic ash