Outflows and Jets Theory and Observations Winter term
Outflows and Jets: Theory and Observations Winter term 2006/2007 Henrik Beuther & Christian Fendt 20. 10 Introduction & Overview (H. B. & C. F. ) 27. 10 Definitions, parameters, basic observations (H. B) 03. 11 Basic theoretical concepts & models I (C. F. ) 10. 11 Basic theoretical concepts & models II (C. F. ) 17. 11 Observational properties of accretion disks (H. B. ) 24. 11 Accretion disk theory and jet launching (C. F. ) 01. 12 Outflow-disk connection, outflow entrainment (H. B. ) 08. 12 Outflow-ISM interaction, outflow chemistry (H. B. ) 15. 12 Theory of outflow interactions; Instabilities; Shocks (C. F. ) 22. 12, 29. 12 and 05. 01 Christmas and New Years break 12. 01 Outflows from massive star-forming regions (H. B. ) 19. 01 Radiation processes (H. B. & C. F. ) 26. 01 AGN jet theory (C. F. ) 02. 02 Observations of AGN jets (Guest speaker: Klaus Meisenheimer) 09. 02 Summary, Outlook, Questions (H. B. & C. F. ) More Information and the current lecture files: http: //www. mpia. de/homes/beuther/lecture_ws 0607. html beuther@mpia. de, fendt@mpia. de
The outflow HH 212 Mc. Caughrean et al. 2002
Driving jet and entrained molecular outflow II HH 211, Gueth et al. 1999, Hirano et al. 2006, Palau et al. 2006
Jet rotation in DG Tau red blue Testi et al. 2002 Corotation of disk and jet Bacciotti et al. 2002
A rotating molecular outflow: CB 26 1 st moment map clearly suggests the outflow is rotating! Launhardt et al. , in prep.
Why don‘t we see more rotating outflows? Inc. 90 deg, Vrot = 1. 6 km/s Inc. 45 deg, Vrot = 1. 6 km/s Inc. 85 deg, Vrot = 1. 6 km/s Launhardt et al. , in prep.
Ambipolar diffusion Girart et al. 2006
Outflow rate Mechanical Force Mechanical L Mass Outflow properties
Outflow entrainment models Arce et al. 2006
Collimation and pv-structure Lee et al. 2001 HH 212: consistent with jet-driving VLA 0548: consistent with wind-driving - pv-structure of jet- and wind-driven models very different - Often Hubble-law observed --> increasing velocity with increasing dist. from protostar - Hubble-law maybe explained by: (a) decreasing grav. potential with distance to star (for central jet), (b) decreasing density gradient and hence pressure with distance from star (for larger-scale outflow), (c) continuous (or episodic) driving of the in a non-ballistic fashion that energy constantly gets induced in jet.
Evolutionary effects of outflow-envelope interaction II Arce & sargent 2006
Outflow chemistry Bachiller et al. 2001
Outflows from massive star-forming regions IRAM 30 m data Grey: 1. 2 mm Contours: CO(2 -1) Beuther et al. 2002
An evolutionary scenario Beuther & Shepherd 2005
Open questions and future directions � Is it possible to unify the wide-angle wind and jet model? � Search for jets toward the most massive and luminous sources. Ar collimated jets really not existing for them? And if yes, what does that imply? � What kind of outflows would be expected from merger events? � Zoom into the jet-launching region. So far we do not know much observationally there. Interesting scales are between sub-AU and about 10 AU. At typical Taurus distance of 150 pc, this corresponds to 0. 007’’ and 0. 1’’. Current (sub)mm interferometers reach ~0. 3’’, but ALMA will go down to 0. 01’’, and VLTI aims at 0. 001’’. VLBI observations of masers are feasible as well. � Study the magnetic fields of the jet-launching but also the wide outflow regions. � Deeper investigation of feedback and turbulence processes. How d the molecular cores get destroyed?
Outflows and Jets: Theory and Observations Winter term 2006/2007 Henrik Beuther & Christian Fendt 20. 10 Today: Introduction & Overview (H. B. & C. F. ) 27. 10 Definitions, parameters, basic observations (H. B) 03. 11 Basic theoretical concepts & models I (C. F. ) 10. 11 Basic theoretical concepts & models II (C. F. ) 17. 11 Observational properties of accretion disks (H. B. ) 24. 11 Accretion disk theory and jet launching (C. F. ) 01. 12 Outflow-disk connection, outflow entrainment (H. B. ) 08. 12 Outflow-ISM interaction, outflow chemistry (H. B. ) 15. 12 Theory of outflow interactions; Instabilities, Shocks (C. F. ) 22. 12, 29. 12 and 05. 01 Christmas and New Years break 12. 01 Outflows from massive star-forming regions (H. B. ) 19. 01 Radiation processes (H. B. & C. F. ) 26. 01 AGN jet theory (C. F. ) 02. 02 Observations of AGN jets (Guest speaker: K. Meisenheimer) 09. 02 Summary, Outlook, Questions (H. B. & C. F. ) More Information and the current lecture files: http: //www. mpia. de/homes/beuther/lecture_ws 0607. html beuther@mpia. de, fendt@mpia. de
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