Other Medicines Andrenergic Antagonists Blockers Bind to receptor

Other Medicines

Andrenergic Antagonists (Blockers) § Bind to receptor site but do not cause an action § Alpha & Beta receptor blockers § Alpha blockers § § § decrease peripheral resistance decrease heart rate decrease blood pressure § Beta blockers § decrease blood pressure § decrease cardiac output

Blockers cont. § Beta blockers treatment for: § angina § cardiac arrhythmias § Adverse effects § § brachycardia orthostatic hypertension fatigue drowsiness

Antihypertensive Drugs (High Blood Pressure) § High blood pressure > 140/90 § Due to increase in vascular smooth muscle tone, increase resistance in blood vessels § Cause – heredity, stress, increase salt in diet, obesity, smoking § Types of medicines § Diuretics § Beta blockers § ACE inhibitors

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs (Cholesterol Reducing) § HMG-Co. A reductase inhibitors § inhibit cholesterol synthesis § deplete intracellular supply of cholesterol which lowers plasma cholesterol, increase removal from body § Examples: § Zocor § Lipitor § Pravachol § Generic names end in “vastatin” § Combine with diet and exercise § Adverse effects § muscle pain, elevated liver enzymes

Depression § Depression – due to a chemical imbalance § lack of serotonin & norepinephrine & dopamine (neurotransmitters) § Signs & Symptoms § intense sadness, hopelessness, despair, inability to experience pleasure, change in appetite or sleep habits § Treatment § Medications § Counseling

Antidepressant Drugs § Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) § blocks norepinephrine & serotonin uptake in the presynaptic nerve terminals § effects – elevate mood, improve mental alertness, increase physical activity § adverse effects – blurred vision, dry mouth, sedation § Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI) § MAO – enzyme inactivates norepinephrine, serotonin, & dopamine § MAOI – inactivates the enzyme § many side effects & interactions w/ medicines & foods § adverse effects – headache, nausea, cardiac arrhythmias, stroke, blurred vision, dry mouth

Antidepressant Drugs cont. § Selective Serotonin Receptor Inhibitors (SSRI) § specifically inhibit uptake of serotonin § side effects – nausea, anxiety, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, weight loss, tremors § examples: § Prozac § Zoloft § Paxil § Celexa § Luvox – pediatric use § All drugs may take several weeks for effects to be seen

Attention Deficit Disorder § Treat with stimulants to promote CNS functioning § Examples § Ritalin § Dexedrine § Side / Adverse effects § mania, insomnia, hallucinations, dizziness, nervousness, irritability