OSU Extension Master Gardener Training Pesticides Gail Langellotto

OSU Extension Master Gardener Training Pesticides Gail Langellotto, Ph. D. Statewide Coordinator 11/27/2020

Welcome/Introductions • Instructor Introduction • Class member introductions 11/27/2020

Logistics/Announcements • Sign In Sheets • Bathrooms • Class Length 11/27/2020

Today’s Agenda • Overview of the Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) • Effects of Pesticides on Human and Environmental Health • What is a Pesticide? 11/27/2020

Today’s Agenda • Overview of the Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) • Effects of Pesticides on Human and Environmental Health • What is a Pesticide? 11/27/2020

Pesticide Use Statistics • USA: 74 -90% of households utilize pesticides on an annual basis (Whitmore et al. 1994; Landrigran et al. 1999, Fishel 2007) • Oregon: 46% of households used pesticides in 2007 (PURS 2008) • Portland Metro: 29% of households used lawn and garden pesticides and 17% used indoor pesticides (Peters et al. 2007) 11/27/2020

Do We Really Use Fewer Pesticides? • PURS (Oregon’s Pesticide Use Reporting System) • Survey “participants were unable to determine what products were pesticides” • “continued concerns about the ability of pesticide users to read the label and correctly identify information” • “Moss control products accounted for 47% of the pounds of active ingredient, but only 2% of the reports identified moss control as the purpose” 11/27/2020

Pesticide? Yes or No? 11/27/2020

Pesticide? Yes or No? 11/27/2020

UPRP Goal • Increase knowledge about pesticides. • What is a pesticide? • Safe pesticide use • Alternatives to pesticides • Reduce pesticide use in residential areas – both inside and outside of home. 11/27/2020

Measuring Program Impact • Does this program work? Does this program decrease pesticide use and increase knowledge? • Voluntary, anonymous surveys • Pre-tests • Post-test • Follow-Up (6 months following classes) • IRB Approved (Institutional Review Board) 11/27/2020

Informed Consent Forms • Please take a few moments to read over the informed consent form. • Please sign the form if you would like your survey answers to be included in a study that measures the impact of the UPRP. • If you do not want your survey answers to be included in the study, you do not need to sign the informed consent document. 11/27/2020

Today’s Agenda • Overview of the Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) • Effects of Pesticides on Environmental and Human Health • What is a Pesticide? 11/27/2020

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Pesticides in Clackamas • U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) study found a variety of • • pesticides in the lower Clackamas River mainstem and tributaries Trace-level detections of pesticides were found in treated drinking-water samples. A total of 63 pesticide compounds were detected. • Herbicides used in commercial agriculture were the most • common, detected in half of the samples. Herbicides commonly used on lawns and in gardens were also commonly detected. • The full press release (March 18, 2008) may be viewed at: http: //www. usgs. gov/newsroom/article. asp? ID=1895 • The full report may be found at: 11/27/2020 http: //pubs. usgs. gov/sir/2008/5027/

Pesticide Effects on Bees • Colony Collapse Disorder: worker bees in honey bee hives abruptly disappear Healthy Hive • Pesticides may be a contributing factor. • Until scientists know more, it is best to use pesticides with caution. CCD Hive 11/27/2020

Common Pesticides Impact Human Health • Cholinesterase is present in many organisms, including all mammals (like humans!) • Cholinesterase is an enzyme that is ubiquitous in the human body • Cholinesterase is critical for many nervous system functions 11/27/2020

Pesticides That Inhibit Cholinesterase • Organophosphates • Irreversibly inhibits cholinesterase that is • present in the human body Cholinesterase must be replaced, by the body, after exposure to an organophosphate pesticide • Carbamates • Temporarily inhibits cholinesterase that is • present in the body Effects can be rapidly reversed (time required depends on level of exposure) 11/27/2020

Pesticide Mis-Use • Negative effects of pesticides are amplified when pesticides are: • Misused • Overused • Used at an inappropriate time • Incorrectly stored • Incorrectly disposed 11/27/2020

Today’s Agenda • Overview of the Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) • Effects of Pesticides on Human and Environmental Health • What is a Pesticide? 11/27/2020

How do I know if it is a pesticide? • Is an EPA registration number on the container? • If so, it is a pesticide. EPA Reg. No. 3120 -280 Identifies manufacturer Identifies product 11/27/2020

Pesticide Include: • Insecticides • Acaricides/Miticides • Bactericides • Fungicides • Herbicides • Larvicides • Molluscicides • Nematicides • Rodenticides • Scalecides 11/27/2020

Minimum Risk Pesticides • Do not have an EPA Registration Number • Are deemed ‘demonstrably safe’ • A complete list of Minimum Risk Pesticides can be viewed at: http: //www. epa. gov/oppbppd 1/biopesticides/regtools/25 b_list. htm Citronella White pepper Castor oil Egg whites and egg solids Cinnamon oil Citric acid Clove oil Rosemary oil Dried Blood Thyme oil Mint oil Corn gluten meal 11/27/2020

What is not a pesticide? • Toothpaste, mouthwash (regulated by FDA and not EPA) • Fertilizers (except for weed and feed products) • Compost tea • Beneficial insects that eat insect pests • Ladybugs, Lacewings, Preying Mantis, etc. • Parasitoid wasps • Nematodes • Bt and spinosad are microrganisms that ARE pesticides 11/27/2020

Pesticide Use Self-Assessment • Please take 10 minutes to complete the survey. • We will revisit the different parts of the survey throughout the UPRP. 11/27/2020

Pesticide Survey Check the one that is most likely to result in the pesticide moving from the site of application. Windy Rainy Hot Dry Irrigation On Close to Target Calm No Rain Cool Humid Irrigation Off Far from Target 11/27/2020

Pesticide Use Results • Were you surprised by the results of your survey? • What did you learn about your use of pesticides, or your knowledge or attitudes about pesticides, from the survey? 11/27/2020

Reminders for Next Class • Please bring a pesticide from home. • We will be using this pesticide for an activity focused on reading labels. • We will also discuss safe use, storage and disposal of pesticides, as well as the use of personal protective equipment. 11/27/2020

References: Pesticide Use Statistics • • • Fishel, FM. 2007. Pesticide use trends in the U. S. : pesticides for home and garden uses. Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Pesticide Information Office. Document PI-140. Accessed online at: http: //edis. ifas. ufl. edu/PI 177 on April 2, 2009 Landrigan, PJ, Claudio, L, Markowitz, SB, Berkowitz, GS, Brenner, BL, Romero, H, Wetmur, JG, Matte, TD, Gore, AC, Godbold, JH and MS Wolff. 1999. Pesticides and inner-city children: exposures, risks, and prevention. Environmental Health Perspectives 107: 431– 437. Peters, J. S. , Suzuki, J. and N. Yager. 2007. Metro telephone survey – household hazardous products. Final Report of Research into Action, Inc. in Cooperation with the Portland Metro Council on the Environment. 242 pp. PURS. 2007. Annual Report. Accessed online at: http: //www. oregon. gov/ODA/PEST/docs/pdf/pursannualreport 2007. pdf on April 2, 2009. Whitmore, R. W. , Immerman, F. W. , Camann, D. E. , Bond, A. E. , Lewis, R. G. and J. L. Schaum. 1994. Non-occupational exposures to pesticides for residents of two U. S. cities. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 26: 47 -59. 11/27/2020

Photos Credits • Growing Gardens • Metro Regional Government • Sustainable Living • DHS • OSU Extension Metro Master Gardener Program 11/27/2020

Clip Art Credits • • • http: //www. phillipmartin. info/clipart/misc_welcome 2. gif http: //www. lusd. net/board/agenda. Clip. Art. jpeg http: //www. baileypto. org/ http: //www. state. me. us/agriculture/bpc/index. html http: //school. discoveryeducation. com/clipart/images/digtlcmr. gif 11/27/2020