Osprey Power Incipient Fire Prevention and Extinguishing Todays

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Osprey Power Incipient Fire Prevention and Extinguishing

Osprey Power Incipient Fire Prevention and Extinguishing

Todays Training Purpose § Teach employees how to properly recognize an incipient fire, and

Todays Training Purpose § Teach employees how to properly recognize an incipient fire, and determine the appropriate course of action. § Teach employees how to choose the appropriate extinguishing method for various fires encountered in the workplace. § Teach employees how to properly use various types of fire extinguishers. STC - Incipient Firefighting 2

Todays Training Purpose § Teach employees how to properly handle and use handheld fire

Todays Training Purpose § Teach employees how to properly handle and use handheld fire hoses § Discuss various fire prevention methods, based on hazard recognition and housekeeping practices § Discuss the different types of fixed extinguishing systems STC - Incipient Firefighting 3

Incipient Fire § Definition of Incipient Fire § 29 CFR 1910. 155(c)(26) defines “Incipient

Incipient Fire § Definition of Incipient Fire § 29 CFR 1910. 155(c)(26) defines “Incipient Stage Fire” as a fire which is in the initial or beginning stage and which can be controlled or extinguished by portable fire extinguishers, class II standpipes or small hose systems without the need for protective clothing or breathing apparatus STC - Incipient Firefighting 4

Is This an Incipient Fire? STC - Incipient Firefighting 5

Is This an Incipient Fire? STC - Incipient Firefighting 5

Fire and Crowd Control § A small electrical fire broke out at a retail

Fire and Crowd Control § A small electrical fire broke out at a retail store. Officials say a clothes dryer in the store's hair salon suddenly caught fire. The employees noticed the smoke and activated the fire alarm. Customer were evacuated from the building while the store manager used a fire extinguisher to put out the blaze. There were no injures and very little damage. STC - Incipient Firefighting 6

Source Heat and Fire Where Does Heat Come From

Source Heat and Fire Where Does Heat Come From

 • Sources of Heat Energy § There are three main types of heat

• Sources of Heat Energy § There are three main types of heat sources. § Chemical § Electrical § Mechanical STC - Incipient Firefighting 8

Sources of Heat Energy § Chemical: § Heat of combustion § Spontaneous heating §

Sources of Heat Energy § Chemical: § Heat of combustion § Spontaneous heating § Heat of decomposition § Heat of solution STC - Incipient Firefighting 9

Sources of Heat Energy § Electrical: § § § § Resistance heating Dielectric heating

Sources of Heat Energy § Electrical: § § § § Resistance heating Dielectric heating (microwaves) Leakage current heating Heat from arcing Static electricity Induction Heating Heat Generated by Lighting STC - Incipient Firefighting 10

Sources of Heat Energy § Mechanical -Frictional Heat -Friction Sparks -Heat of Compression STC

Sources of Heat Energy § Mechanical -Frictional Heat -Friction Sparks -Heat of Compression STC - Incipient Firefighting 11

Heat Transfer § Then to transferring that heat is done in three different ways.

Heat Transfer § Then to transferring that heat is done in three different ways. § Conduction § Convection § Radiation STC - Incipient Firefighting 12

Heat Transfer § Conduction -Heat transferred by direct contact from one body to another

Heat Transfer § Conduction -Heat transferred by direct contact from one body to another is a process called conduction. § Good Conductors of heat – Copper, Silver, Iron & Steel § Poor Conductors of Heat – Wood, Styrofoam, Paper & Air STC - Incipient Firefighting 13

Heat Transfer § Convection - Transfer of heat by a circulating medium either a

Heat Transfer § Convection - Transfer of heat by a circulating medium either a gas or a liquid § Example – How does the air in side a oven cook food ? § Answer – Heating elements heats the air and as the air circulates inside the oven it cooks the food STC - Incipient Firefighting 14

Heat Transfer § Radiation - A form of energy traveling across a space or

Heat Transfer § Radiation - A form of energy traveling across a space or through materials as electromagnetic waves , such as light , radio waves , or X-rays. § Example – Camp Fire, The Sun, Light bulb. STC - Incipient Firefighting 15

Important Terms § Why are these terms important to as we try to extinguisher

Important Terms § Why are these terms important to as we try to extinguisher a small fire ? § These terms provide us with information about the fire and how to extinguish the fire properly. § Boiling Point § Flashpoint § Flammable Range § Vapor Density § Vapor Pressure § MSDS § HMIS STC - Incipient Firefighting 16

Important Terms § § MSDS What does MSDS stand for ? Material Safety Data

Important Terms § § MSDS What does MSDS stand for ? Material Safety Data Sheet What can we find on a MSDS ? STC - Incipient Firefighting 17

HMIS § § § § § What does HMIS mean ? Hazardous Material Identification

HMIS § § § § § What does HMIS mean ? Hazardous Material Identification System Why is this system important ? Inform us to the hazard this material may present Blue- Health Red- Fire Yellow- Reactivity White- Special Hazard Zero- No Hazard Four- Greatest Hazard STC - Incipient Firefighting 18

Important Terms § Boiling Point - The temperature of a substance when the vapor

Important Terms § Boiling Point - The temperature of a substance when the vapor pressure exceeds atmospheric pressure. § Water – 212 f. § Gasoline – 100 f. To 400 f. § Diesel – 309 f. to 700 f. STC - Incipient Firefighting 19

Important Terms § Flashpoint -The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient

Important Terms § Flashpoint -The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface. -Gasoline: -45 degrees F -Diesel: 125 degrees F -Hydrogen: Above 100 degrees F STC - Incipient Firefighting 20

Important Terms § Flammable Range -The percentage of gas or vapor in air that

Important Terms § Flammable Range -The percentage of gas or vapor in air that will burn if ignited. Referred to as the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) , and the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL). -Gasoline: 2 -7% -Hydrogen: 5 -75% -Hydrazine: 2 -98% -Acetylene: 2 -100% -LP Gas: 2. 2 -9. 5% -Natural Gas: 5 -15% STC - Incipient Firefighting 21

Important Terms § Vapor Density -The weight of a gas as compared to air,

Important Terms § Vapor Density -The weight of a gas as compared to air, with air having a value of one. Less than one and the gas will tend to rise and dissipate. If the gas is heavier than one it will sink and hug the ground, and will travel according to the terrain and wind direction. -Natural Gas – 0. 6 -Hydrogen – 0. 06960 -LP Gas – 1. 5223 -Chlorine- STC - Incipient Firefighting 22

Important Terms § Vapor Pressure -A measure of the tendency of a substance to

Important Terms § Vapor Pressure -A measure of the tendency of a substance to evaporate. STC - Incipient Firefighting 23

Fire Behavior How Does Fire Start, Burn, and To Put It Out

Fire Behavior How Does Fire Start, Burn, and To Put It Out

Fire Behavior Fuel Characteristics § Forms: § Solid § Liquid § Gas STC -

Fire Behavior Fuel Characteristics § Forms: § Solid § Liquid § Gas STC - Incipient Firefighting 25

Fire Behavior § Everything burns in a gaseous state. § Solids: pyrolysize (chemical decomposition

Fire Behavior § Everything burns in a gaseous state. § Solids: pyrolysize (chemical decomposition of a substance through the action of heat) § Liquids: vaporize, giving off fuel gases § Gaseous: fuels are the most dangerous, because they are in a natural state required for ignition. STC - Incipient Firefighting 26

Fire Triangle § How many element are in the fire Triangle? STC - Incipient

Fire Triangle § How many element are in the fire Triangle? STC - Incipient Firefighting 27

Fire Triangle Chemical Reaction Heat Oxygen Fuel STC - Incipient Firefighting 28

Fire Triangle Chemical Reaction Heat Oxygen Fuel STC - Incipient Firefighting 28

Fire Triangle § Air contains approximately 21% Oxygen, 78% Nitrogen, and 1% other gases.

Fire Triangle § Air contains approximately 21% Oxygen, 78% Nitrogen, and 1% other gases. § Fire Triangle; Smoldering mode § Fire Tetrahedron; Flaming mode. The burning process includes the uninhibited chemical chain reaction, between the heat, fuel, and the oxygen STC - Incipient Firefighting 29

Phases of Fire § Incipient: The earliest phase of a fire beginning with the

Phases of Fire § Incipient: The earliest phase of a fire beginning with the actual ignition. § Steady-State Burning: The phase of the fire where sufficient oxygen and fuel are available for fire growth and open burning to a point where total involvement is possible. § Hot Smoldering: The phase when flames cease to exist, and may be reduce to glowing embers. STC - Incipient Firefighting 30

Products of Combustion § § When materials burn they undergo a chemical change. Four

Products of Combustion § § When materials burn they undergo a chemical change. Four major products: § § § Heat Light Smoke Fire gases The content, color, and intensity of the smoke depend on the products burning. The gases given off from the burning process vary according to the products burning, but many are toxic. STC - Incipient Firefighting 31

Fire Extinguishment Theory How to Put Out A Fire

Fire Extinguishment Theory How to Put Out A Fire

PPE § Remember when extinguishing an incipient fire to where your ppe. § Gloves

PPE § Remember when extinguishing an incipient fire to where your ppe. § Gloves § Work dress § Boots § Hardhat STC - Incipient Firefighting 33

Fire Extinguishment Theory § Extinguish the fire by limiting or eliminating one or more

Fire Extinguishment Theory § Extinguish the fire by limiting or eliminating one or more of the essential elements in the combustion process. § § By temperature reduction (cooling) By removing the fuel By oxygen dilution By chemical flame inhibition STC - Incipient Firefighting 34

Classes of Fires § Class A: Ordinary combustible such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber,

Classes of Fires § Class A: Ordinary combustible such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and plastics. § Class B: Flammable and combustible liquids and gases such as gasoline, oil, mineral spirits, paints, alcohols, methane, propane, hydrogen, and acetylene. § Class C: Those involving energized electrical equipment. § Class D: Involve combustible metals such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium, sodium, and potassium. § Class K: Involves cooking appliances that are combustible cooking media. STC - Incipient Firefighting 35

Fire Extinguishers § Rating System: § Classified according to the types of fires for

Fire Extinguishers § Rating System: § Classified according to the types of fires for which they are intended. § Class A-1; 11/4 gallons of water. § Class B; 1 -B through 640 -B § Neither Class C nor Class D extinguishers are given a numerical rating. STC - Incipient Firefighting 36

Multiple Markings § § Combinations of the letters A, B, and/or C or the

Multiple Markings § § Combinations of the letters A, B, and/or C or the symbols for each class identify extinguishers suitable for more than one class of fire. Pictographs STC - Incipient Firefighting 37

Laptop Fire § Firefighters were called to a home on Wednesday morning after a

Laptop Fire § Firefighters were called to a home on Wednesday morning after a laptop burst in to flames. Juli was at home reading e-mail on a different computer when the Sony Viao laptop caught on fire. “ Flames Started to shoot out from all different directions” Said Juli. She put out the fire with an extinguisher and called her husband at work to tell him what had happen. ” “The laptop burst into flames again while he was on the phone with Juli, So dropped the phone and called 911. The only damage was a smudge on the wall and extinguisher agent on the furniture. § Question: Was this an Electrical Fire? STC - Incipient Firefighting 38

Selection of Portable Extinguishers § § § Hazards to be protected Severity of anticipated

Selection of Portable Extinguishers § § § Hazards to be protected Severity of anticipated fires Atmospheric conditions Personnel available Ease of handling extinguishers Special life hazards or operational concerns STC - Incipient Firefighting 39

Types of Extinguishers § § § Stored-Pressure Water Aqueous Film Forming Foam Halon Carbon

Types of Extinguishers § § § Stored-Pressure Water Aqueous Film Forming Foam Halon Carbon Dioxide: Hand-held and wheeled units Dry Chemical: Hand-held and wheeled units Dry Powder: Used on combustible metal fires. STC - Incipient Firefighting 40

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 41

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 41

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 42

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 42

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 43

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 43

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 44

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 44

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 45

Types of Extinguishers STC - Incipient Firefighting 45

Using Portable Extinguishers Remember P-A-S-S § P-Pull the pin § A-Aim the nozzle §

Using Portable Extinguishers Remember P-A-S-S § P-Pull the pin § A-Aim the nozzle § S-Squeeze the handle § S-Sweep the nozzle STC - Incipient Firefighting 46

Fixed Fire Extinguishment Systems In-Place Protection That Provides Immediate Extinguishment

Fixed Fire Extinguishment Systems In-Place Protection That Provides Immediate Extinguishment

Fire Hazard Recognition A Key Component to Prevention

Fire Hazard Recognition A Key Component to Prevention

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Housekeeping • • Improper housekeeping accounts for most fire and safety hazards in industrial

Housekeeping • • Improper housekeeping accounts for most fire and safety hazards in industrial facilities. Can contribute to fires, block access ways and exits. Identification and periodic inspections can reduce and prevent these situations. Improper waste management and buildup of operating materials. STC - Incipient Firefighting 92

Storage § Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases § § § Storage and handling

Storage § Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases § § § Storage and handling Mechanical damage to containers and piping Product Storage § Blocked and hidden fire protection equipment; Sprinkler heads, fire extinguishers, hose stations, etc. STC - Incipient Firefighting 93

Flammable and Combustible Liquids § Use this chart to determine the classes of Liquids.

Flammable and Combustible Liquids § Use this chart to determine the classes of Liquids. STC - Incipient Firefighting 94