Osmosis Cell Transport Cell Cycle 100 100 100

Osmosis Cell Transport Cell Cycle 100 100 100 200 200 200 300 300 300 400 400 400 500 500 500 Cellular Photosynthesis Respiration

What does it mean when we describe the cell membrane as “selectively permeable? ”

It means that the membrane lets some substances in and out but not others.

Why is life dependent on the movement of various substances into and out of cells?

Cells stay alive by taking in nutrients and getting rid of wastes.

Explain how CO 2 can be a necessary substance sometimes and a waste in other situations.

CO 2 is a reactant in the process of photosynthesis (necessary substance) and a product in the process of cellular respiration (waste).

Explain how diffusion and osmosis are the same…and different.

SAME: Both are types of passive transport-no energy required. Both are types of diffusion. DIFFERENT: Osmosis involves H 2 O and a membrane

What is endocytosis?

A type of active transport wherein the cell membrane take substances into the cell.

What is the term for movement of substances through a cell membrane WITHOUT using additional energy?

Passive Transport

What is diffusion?

Movement of molecules from higher to lower concentration

What is the word used to describe the movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane?

Osmosis

What is exocytosis?

A type of active transport wherein the cell membrane expels substances from the cell.

What happens to a cell that is placed in pure water? What type of solution is this called?

The cell will swell up if placed in a this solution. Hypotonic means there is a higher water concentration and lower solute concentration.

What is active transport?

Movement of substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration that requires energy.

When we say “energy” when discussing cell processes, what are we actually referring to?

Adenosine Triphosphate aka ATP

How do organisms make ATP when there isn’t enough oxygen for cellular respiration?

Fermentation… Lactic Acid (vertebrates) or Alcoholic (fungi and bacteria)

What is the primary difference between active and passive transport?

Active transport requires additional energy (low to high conc. ) while passive transport (high to low) does not.

What is the order of phases/stages in the CELL CYCLE? What happens in each part?

1 -Interphase: G 1 -normal cell stuff S-DNA replication G 2 -Proteins made, organelles reproduced. 2 -Mitosis: Prophase: Chromosomes form, nuclear membrane dissolves. Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in the middle. Anaphase: Spindle pulls chromosomes apart. Telophase: cell starts to pinch in the middle. 3 -Cytokinesis: Cell actually divides into two new daughter cells.

What types of organisms can undergo photosynthesis?

Most plants, algae, some protists, and some bacteria.

What is the name of the pigment that captures the energy from sunlight?

Chlorophyll

What is happening during photosynthesis?

Plant cells are making food from sunlight (carbon dioxide and water are also necessary).

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

sunlight 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O Reactants C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Products

Why do heterotrophs (like us) depend upon photosynthesis to survive?

Photosynthetic autotrophs (like most plants and algae) are the base of almost all food webs and energy pyramids. They also produce oxygen, upon which heterotrophs are dependent.

What is happening during cell respiration, and where do the organisms doing this get the raw materials to make it happen?

Animal and plant cells are producing energy (ATP) from food (glucose). The animals get food from eating things, and the plants make their own food using photosynthesis. Animals take in the oxygen needed by breathing, and the plants take in oxygen when sunlight isn’t present.

What is the equation for cell respiration?

C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 (Glucose) Reactants 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + Energy (ATP) Products

How are the equations for photosynthesis and respiration related?

They are almost opposites! The reactants (raw materials) for one are the products of the other.

What is facilitated diffusion?

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that involves no added ATP energy, BUT does need a little help from special carrier (transport) or channel proteins.

Plants and animals recycle each other’s waste…YUCK or YAY …Explain.

Yay!!!!! Plants give off oxygen as a product of photosynthesis, and we (along with other animals) give off carbon dioxide. Plants need the carbon dioxide and we need the oxygen. Works out great for everybody