Oscillations and Waves Resonance ff 0 Waves Animations

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Oscillations and Waves

Oscillations and Waves

Resonance (f=f 0)

Resonance (f=f 0)

Waves Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Waves Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Wave in a string Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Wave in a string Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Pulsed Sound Wave

Pulsed Sound Wave

Harmonic sound wave

Harmonic sound wave

Harmonic sound wave

Harmonic sound wave

Harmonic wave Shake end of string up & down with SHM period = T

Harmonic wave Shake end of string up & down with SHM period = T Wave speed wavelength =v =l distance time =v= = V=fl or f=V/ l wavelength period l = = fl T but 1/T=f

Reflection (from a fixed end) Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Reflection (from a fixed end) Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Reflection (from a loose end) Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Reflection (from a loose end) Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Adding waves pulsed waves Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Adding waves pulsed waves Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Adding waves Two waves in same direction with slightly different frequencies Wave 1 Wave

Adding waves Two waves in same direction with slightly different frequencies Wave 1 Wave 2 resultant wave “Beats” Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Adding waves harmonic waves in opposite directions incident wave reflected wave resultant wave (standing

Adding waves harmonic waves in opposite directions incident wave reflected wave resultant wave (standing wave) Animations courtesy of Dr. Dan Russell, Kettering University

Confined waves Only waves with wavelengths that just fit (all others cancel themselves out)

Confined waves Only waves with wavelengths that just fit (all others cancel themselves out) in survive

Allowed frequencies l= 2 L f 0=V/l = V/2 L Fundamental tone l=L l=(2/3)L

Allowed frequencies l= 2 L f 0=V/l = V/2 L Fundamental tone l=L l=(2/3)L f 1=V/l = V/L=2 f 0 1 st overtone f 2=V/l=V/(2/3)L=3 f 0 2 nd overtone l=L/2 f 3=V/l=V/(1/2)L=4 f 0 3 rd overtone l=(2/5)L f 4=V/l=V/(2/5)L=5 f 0 4 th overtone

Ukuleles, etc L l 0 = L/2; f 0 = V/2 L l 1=

Ukuleles, etc L l 0 = L/2; f 0 = V/2 L l 1= L; f 1 = V/L =2 f 0 l 2= 2 L/3; f 2 = 3 f 0 l 3= L/2; f 3 = 4 f 0 Etc… (V depends on the Tension & thickness Of the string)

Doppler effect

Doppler effect

Sound wave stationary source Wavelength same in all directions

Sound wave stationary source Wavelength same in all directions

Sound wave moving source Wavelength in forward direction is shorter (frequency is higher) Wavelength

Sound wave moving source Wavelength in forward direction is shorter (frequency is higher) Wavelength in backward direction is longer (frequency is higher)

Waves from a stationary source Wavelength same in all directions

Waves from a stationary source Wavelength same in all directions

Waves from a moving source v Wavelength in forward direction is shorter (frequency is

Waves from a moving source v Wavelength in forward direction is shorter (frequency is higher) Wavelength in backward direction is longer (frequency is higher)

surf

surf

long wav elen gths Folsom prison blues s Sh wa t or v th

long wav elen gths Folsom prison blues s Sh wa t or v th g n ele

Confined waves

Confined waves