ORSZGOS SZCHNYI KNYVTR ESZOLGLTATSI IGAZGATSG Who saves the

ORSZÁGOS SZÉCHÉNYI KÖNYVTÁR E-SZOLGÁLTATÁSI IGAZGATÓSÁG Who saves the memories for the Future? Libraries in the 21 st century „University and Universality” International University Conference 13 th. October 2017. Pécs BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE

Scientific communication and publishing • Outcomes of science universities, scientific institutions • Outcomes of science commercial publishers • Commercial publishers have monopoly or oligopoly in the subject of scientific publications the prices are increasing the libraries can buy less and less scientific publications BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 2

Scientific communication and publishing • „According to a new study by researchers at the University of Montreal, 53% of all published research papers in 2013 in the natural and medical sciences were produced by just five publishing companies. ” – http: //journals. plos. org/plosone/article? id=10. 1371/journal. p one. 0127502 • https: //www. elsevier. com/ • http: //www. springer. com/gp/ • https: //www. ebsco. com/ • http: //eu. wiley. com BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 3

Scientific communication and publishing • Content of the scientific databases • In the beginning, in the early ‘ 90 s the content of databases were mostly bibliographic data but nowadays the typical content is full text information: e-journals and e-books. • E. g. Springer has more than 2, 900 journals and 200, 000 books – http: //www. springer. com/gp/ BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 4

Electronic Information Service National Programme (EISZ) • Since 2002 a national program for country-wide licensing scientific databases for higher education and scientific research – http: //eisz. mtak. hu/index. php/en • EISZ has 41 big databases (of which 5 are Hungarian) • EISZ is accessible from – – universities libraries archives academic research institutes • COMPASS - http: //compass. konyvtar. mta. hu/ – Database of databases and e-journals accessible from Hungary BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 5

National Science Bibliographic Database (MTMT) • A national database since 2009. – https: //www. mtmt. hu// • Its aim is to collect bibliographic information about the Hungarian scientific publications • Service provider: the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences • The legal rules for Hungarian scientists, researchers • Members: the Hungarian higher education institutions BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 6

Open Access Initiative (OAI) • Answer to the problem of commercial scientific publishing • Initiative for free access of scientific publications against to commercial publishers • OAI-PMH for distribution of open access collections - http: //www. openarchives. org/ • First examples: preprints archives e. g. – ar. Xiv. org Cornell University Library BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 7

Open Access Initiative (OAI) • Budapest Open Access Initiative in 2002 at OSA – – – • http: //www. budapestopenaccessinitiative. org/ Original declaration http: //www. budapestopenaccessinitiative. org/read Suggested strategies 1. Self-archiving in open electronic archives 2. Open-access journals • • Signatures of the declaration: 6056 individuals and 969 organizations Translations to many languages BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 8

Alternative ways to open access „Individual fighters” • Aaron Swartz; – free access to 4, 8 million JSTOR articles in 20102011 – JSTOR prosecution -> Swartz committed suicide 2013. 01. 13. • Alexandra Elbakyan Kazakh student in 2011 – Sci-hub; 62 million academic papers – „To remove all barriers in the way of science” – Sci-hub is a database, an infrastructure using stolen or donated credentials to bypasses publishers’ paywalls BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 9

Situation in Hungary – e-journals • Small market size => no real commercial database vendors • More and more Hungarian journals go online but they are scattered, the service and the financing is uncertain • ADT Arcanum Digitheca – One commercial actor - Arcanum – https: //adtplus. arcanum. hu/en/ – Digitized journals, newspapers, ~ 480 titles – Paid access, but part of the EISZ service BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 10

Situation in Hungary – e-journals • Hungarian e-journals in Open Journal Systems (OJS), e. g. – http: //ojs 3. mtak. hu/ – http: //ojs. elte. hu/ – https: //pp. bme. hu • One good example – Scientific and Technical Information (TMT) – One of the oldest library science journal in Hungary – Since 2017. 01. it is published online only with the OJS platform – http: //tmt. omikk. bme. hu/tmt/index • Experimental unified search engine of OJS journals – http: //oaikereso. sztaki. hu/kereso/index. php? type=1 BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 11

Situation in Hungary – e-journals in the National Széchényi Library • From 2004. Electronic Periodicals Archive & Database (EPA) • Goals: – to register every Hungarian online and digitized journal – to archive some Hungarian, open access, digitized or born digital journals from Hungary and from abroad, too • More than 820 titles, 7700 issues and 500. 000 articles with full text • Contains 255 scientific journal titles BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 12

Situation in Hungary Repositories • Repositories in the Hungarian higher education • HUNOR – consortium of the HUNgarian Open Repositories – http: //www. open-access. hu/hunor • Contents – Digitized books and journals – Ph. D papers – Scientific publications of teachers and researchers • Unified search engine of Hungarian repositories – http: //oaikereso. sztaki. hu/kereso/index. php? type=0 BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 13

Situation in Hungary Repositories • 2012. The President of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, hereafter MTA) issued an Open Access Mandate – Open Access Mandate of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA) – http: //real. mtak. hu/eprints/mandate. html • MTA homepage for Open Access – http: //openaccess. mtak. hu BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 14

Digital preservation in the National Széchényi Library • 1999. Collect, preserve and make available Hungarian and Hungary-related digital books – – – Hungarian Electronic Library (MEK) http: //mek. oszk. hu Both digitized and born digital books, audiobooks With cultural, scientific or educational content 17. 000 volumes (65% of it are scientific books) Source of the documents: • Cooperation agreements with many universities, scientific institutions, civil associations to collect and service their online publications • Also directly from authors BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 15

Digital preservation in the National Széchényi Library • 2017 -2018. Pilot project of web archiving – http: //mekosztaly. oszk. hu/mia • Testing and planning the infrastructure, the required hardware and software • Application to the International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC) • Collecting homepage URLs of universities, libraries, museums, archives, e-journals for selective harvesting • Aim: to start the Hungarian Internet Archive (MIA) BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 16

Trends • The scientific communication is increasingly in digital form and online • In Central and Eastern Europe the commercial sector is less developed than in Western Europe or in the US. • Libraries have more responsibility – in scientific communication; – in preserving and distributing the digital scientific content • Digital change-over is started in the libraries, too BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 17

Thank you for your attention! István Moldován E-Library Services Department moldovan@oszk. hu BIBLIOTHECA NATIONALIS HUNGARIAE 18