Ornithology Practice Numero Uno 121509 Procellariiformes Procellariidae Fulmaris

• Procellariiformes; Procellariidae; Fulmaris glacialis (Northern Fulmar) • Pelagic = open sea, so

A B B • Anseriformes; Anatidae • A: Anas cyanoptera (Cinnamon Teal) • B:

• Charadriiformes; Recurvirostridae; Himantopus mexicanus (Black-necked Stilt) • Shallow wetlands, swamps, lagoons •

• Passeriformes; Parulidae; Seiurus aurocapilla (Ovenbird) • Dutch oven shaped nests • Migrating

A B • Passeriformes; Emberizidae; A: Junco hyemalis (Darkeyed Junco, Oregon) B: Pipilo maculatus

• Pelicaniformes; Phalacrocoracidae; Phalacrocorax auritus (Double-crested Cormorant) • Webbing between all four toes.

• Passeriformes; Tyrannidae; Sayornis nigricans (Black Pheobe) • Insects and occasional fish. Watches

A B • B and C--Tyrannidae. • C—Olive-sided Flycatcher • Edges of coniferous forests

• Passeriformes; Laniidae; Lanius ludovicianus (Loggerhead Shrike) • “Butcherbirds”—they impale prey on thorns

• Trogoniformes; Trogonidae; Trogon elegans (Elegant Trogon) • Can see in low light

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Ornithology Practice Numero Uno 12/15/09

• Procellariiformes; Procellariidae; Fulmaris glacialis (Northern Fulmar) • Pelagic = open sea, so pelagic birds only rarely are seen at shore except during breeding season. • Food for young; also used by chicks in defense against predators

A B B • Anseriformes; Anatidae • A: Anas cyanoptera (Cinnamon Teal) • B: Dendrocygna autumnalis (Black-bellied Whistling-Duck • In tree cavities and nest boxes. • Species B—long neck, erect posture, strong monogamous pair-bonds

• Charadriiformes; Recurvirostridae; Himantopus mexicanus (Black-necked Stilt) • Shallow wetlands, swamps, lagoons • Insects, crustaceans, mollusks

• Passeriformes; Parulidae; Seiurus aurocapilla (Ovenbird) • Dutch oven shaped nests • Migrating

A B • Passeriformes; Emberizidae; A: Junco hyemalis (Darkeyed Junco, Oregon) B: Pipilo maculatus (Spotted Towhee) • On or near ground. • Outer edges of tail. • Uncovers seeds and insects to eat. Yum.

• Pelicaniformes; Phalacrocoracidae; Phalacrocorax auritus (Double-crested Cormorant) • Webbing between all four toes. • Blamed for declines in fisheries and fish farms

• Passeriformes; Tyrannidae; Sayornis nigricans (Black Pheobe) • Insects and occasional fish. Watches from perch and swoops to catch insects in air and may dive into ponds for small fish. • On a wall, usually below a ceiling of some sort.

A B • B and C--Tyrannidae. • C—Olive-sided Flycatcher • Edges of coniferous forests • A—Clark’s Nutcracker C D

• Passeriformes; Laniidae; Lanius ludovicianus (Loggerhead Shrike) • “Butcherbirds”—they impale prey on thorns to rip apart due to lack of talons and foot strength. • Insects, amphibians, small reptiles, small mammals, and birds

• Trogoniformes; Trogonidae; Trogon elegans (Elegant Trogon) • Can see in low light and can rotate head nearly 360 degrees. • Old nests/holes previously made by woodpeckers because they are unable to excavate nests themselves • Heterodactyl toe arrangement--digits 3 and 4 point forward and digits 1 and 2 point back. Lowest leg muscle to body weight ratio of all birds (aka weak!).