Origins of the Cold War What does it

Origins of the Cold War

What does it mean? �Cold War= NO direct military campaign

Why Enemies? �U. S. terminated Lend-Lease aid on the Soviet Union �USSR upset U. S. kept atomic bomb a secret �U. S. angry that Stalin allied with Hitler for a time

Communism vs. Capitalism COMMUNISM � Can’t profit from others � Lower average standard of living, but in theory, everyone is equal � A controlled economy � Only one party of government, no need for more CAPITALISM � Any person should be free to start a business and employ people � Earn/work for a wage � Gap between the rich and poor (higher SOL) � Choice of many people for government, chosen by the people

Potsdam Conference � July 1945, Truman wants a productive German industry � Stalin wants reparations � Divide Germany into occupational zones: Soviet Union, Britain, France, U. S.

The Long Telegram-1946 �George Kennan (diplomat) felt permanent settlement with USSR impossible �Containment-if the U. S. could stop the Soviets from expanding, would fall apart (no more war)

Berlin Crisis � In June 1948, the French, British and American Zones were joined into the nation of West Germany after the Soviets refused to end their occupation of Germany

Berlin Crisis �Soviets respond with a blockade-cut all road and rail traffic to West Berlin

Berlin Airlift � For 11 months, cargo planes brought food, medicine and coal to West Berlin � Goal to keep West Berlin alive without starting a war � Led to NATO: Soviets were aggressive

Korean War � Korea splits in 1950 • N. Korea=Communist • S. Korea=Capitalist � Korea a test of the containment policy � Truman sends troops, China back N. Korea � Split at the 38 th parallel in 1953 (DMZ)