Origins of Modern Genetics Jean Baptiste Lamarck French
Origins of Modern Genetics ► Jean Baptiste Lamarck (French, early 19 th c. ): “The Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics” ► Charles Darwin (English, 1859): Species can change through the process of natural selection ► Gregor Mendel (Austrian, 1865): Founder of modern genetics; Experimental discovery of inheritance of traits from one generation to the next; genes as material foundation of heredity
Jean B. Lamarck (1744 -1829)
Charles Darwin (1809 -1882)
Gregor Mendel (1822 -1884)
Modern Genetics ► Thomas Morgan (1866 -1945): Located genes at chromosomes and developed modern genetics through experiments on Drosophila—fruit flies ► Oswald Avery (1877 -1955) and colleagues: Discovered in 1944 that DNA was the molecule that contained genetic information
Thomas Morgan (1866 -1945)
Oswald Avery (1877 -1955)
Watson and Crick ► James Watson (1928 -) and Francis Crick (1916 -2004): “Cracked” the molecular structure of DNA and explained how the genetic codes were transferred from one generation to another. ► Maurice Wilkins (1916 -2004) and Rosalind Franklin (1920 -1958): made the crucial contributions to Watson and Crick with their crystallography of DNA
James Watson
Francis Crick
Rosalind Franklin
Maurice Wilkins
Issues to Consider ► Modern science as interdisciplinary ► Biology and physics ► Importance of being at a center of scientific communication ► Styles of scientific research ► Gender and science
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