Origins Important People CharacteristicsBeliefs Islam Spread Origins Muhammad

Origins Important People Characteristics/Beliefs Islam Spread

Origins • Muhammad was the first Prophet • Began in Arabian Peninsula • Muhammad invaded and took over Mecca Important People • Muhammad – Prophet • Sunni and Shia split over who would be the next Caliph (leader) after the death of Muhammad Characteristics/Beliefs • 5 Pillars of Islam 1. Shahadah - Profession of faith 2. Salat - Prayers in the proper way five times each day 3. Zakat - Charity 4. Sawm - Fasting during the month of Ramadan 5. Hajj - Pilgrimage to Mecca Islam Spread • North Africa • India and South East Asia • Parts of Spain • Unified regions

Contributions of the Islamic World Learning Goal 4: Identify what cultural, mathematic, scientific and technological achievements were made between 700 -1200 in the Muslim world analyze how the art and architecture of this period reflects Islamic traditions.

ARCHITECTURE Mosques From around the World

MORE MOSQUES. . . What feature do they Have in common? Minarets – help with call to pray

GALLERY WALK INSTRUCTIONS You will conduct a gallery walk in groups of 2 or 3 Study each of the 9 documents displayed in the room Each of you will be responsible for the following: Filling out the chart by categorizing each document into one of four groups: Scholarship, Architecture/Art, Math and Medicine You MUST briefly describe the document in your notes (don’t just write the document number) Answering the questions that correspond with each document When I call time, you will move to the next document After everyone completes the gallery walk, you will return to your seats and answer (on your own) the question which asks you to evaluate which Islamic contribution was most important to civilization.

GOVERNMENT Given what you have learned about the origins and development of the Islamic Empire, what kind of government do you think it had? Monarchy? Republic? Democracy? Theocracy? Dictatorship? Hint: Think about what kind of leader Muhammad was?

Do you know of any Islamic theocratic governments today?

BAGHDAD’S HOUSE OF WISDOM The House of Wisdom (Bayt al. Hikmah) served as a library, research center, and translation bureau in Baghdad from the 9 th to 13 th centuries. The House of Wisdom contained manuscripts of the ancients, including originals in Persian, Greek, and Sanskrit, which were collected and translated into Arabic. These texts, and the accomplishments of House of Wisdom scholars in mathematics and science, made important contributions to the Western civilization.

MUSLIMS ADVANCED LEARNING & SCHOLARSHIP http: //www. 1001 inventions. com/media/video/library

CONTRIBUTIONS QUIZ – 5 QUESTIONS 1. Government in the Islamic world could be described as a ________. 2. Why do you think calligraphy and arabesques developed as an artistic tradition in the Islamic world? (Hint. Where there any restrictions on other forms of artistic representations in Islam? )

CONTRIBUTIONS QUIZ 3. What architectural feature of mosques was created to help with the call to prayer. 4. What would be a good title for the outline below: 1. spread numerals developed by the Indians I. ______________ 2 expanded the use of algebra 3 preserved the Greek and Roman writings in libraries 4 published a medical encyclopedia by Ibn-Sina

CONTRIBUTIONS QUIZ 5. How did Muslims help to advance learning and scholarship?

CONTRIBUTIONS QUIZ – ANSWERS 1. Government in the Islamic world could be described as a theocracy. 2. Why do you think calligraphy and arabesques developed as an artistic tradition in the Islamic world? Ban on the use of human images in art

CONTRIBUTIONS QUIZ 3. What architectural feature of mosques was created to help with the call to prayer. Minarets 4. What would be a good title for the outline below: 1. spread numerals developed by the Indians Achievements 2 expanded the use of algebra Of Muslim 3 preserved the Greek and Roman writings in libraries Civilization 4 published a medical encyclopedia by Ibn-Sina I. ______________

CONTRIBUTIONS QUIZ 5. How did Muslims help to advance learning and scholarship? Building universities and libraries like Baghdad’s House of Wisdom