Organs of the Immune System Central lymphoid organ








































- Slides: 40
免疫器官 Organs of the Immune System 中枢免疫器官 (Central lymphoid organ)或初 级淋巴器官(Primary lymphoid organ) Organ or tissue that provides a microenvironment necessary for lymphocytes maturation 外周免疫器官 (Peripheral lymphoid organ)
第一节 中枢免疫器官 (Central lymphoid organ) 骨髓和法氏囊(Bone Marrow and bursa of Fabricius) 胸腺(Thymus) A primary lymphoid organ that is required for the generation of immunocompetent CD 3 CD 4 and CD 3 CD 8 cells necessary for adaptive immune response.
法氏囊(Bursa of Fabricius) ---相当于哺乳动物骨髓 Bruce Glick and Charlie Chang
胸腺的组织结构Thymic Tissue Architecture 胸腺是由不同来源的多种类型细胞构成的(The thymus is made up of various cell type derived from different origin). 从组织上来讲(Histologically), 胸腺有三种明确的组成( the thymus has three distinct components): 包膜下皮质( subcapsular cortex), 皮质( cortex)和髓质( and medulla). T细胞或胸腺细胞的发育是以嵌进上皮网状结 构即胸腺基质为基础的(Developments of T cells or thymucytes are found embedded in an epithelial network known as thymic stroma). 胸腺基质提供前T细胞迅速增 殖分化的诱导微环境(The thymic anlage provides an inductive environment that allows precursor T cells to rapidly expand differentiate).
第二节 外周免疫组织和器官(Peripheral lymphoid organ) • 淋巴结(lymphnodes) • 脾脏(spleen) • 粘膜相关淋巴系统 ( mucosa-associated lymphoid system) • 扁桃体(tonsil)
淋巴结是被膜包囊物,非常 策略地分布于全身去接受和 过滤来自于外周组织间隙液 和淋巴液中的抗原及细胞( Lymph nodes are encapsulated strictures that are strategically placed throughout the body to receive and filter antigens and cells from peripheral interstitial fluid and lymph). 所有淋巴液 最终汇到胸导管并回到外周 血中All lymph nodes eventually drain into the thoracic duct and back to the peripheral blood.
• High endothelial venule,HEV(高 内皮毛细血管后微 静脉):深皮质区内 皮细胞组成,淋巴细胞再 循环中起主要作用 高内皮小静脉是淋巴组织中的一种特殊小静脉(HEV are specialized venules found in lymphoid tissues). 淋巴细胞从血流中 迁移入淋巴组织依赖于高内皮小静脉细胞(Lymphocytes migrate from blood into lymphoid tissues by attaching to and migrating across the high endothelial cells of the vessels).
• 生发中心(germinal center) 次级淋巴组织中的生发中心是体液免疫应答过程中B细胞大量增 殖、选择、死亡的场所(Germinal centers in secondary lymphoid tissues are sites of intense B cell proliferation, selection, and death during Ab responses). 当激活的B细胞迁移进入淋巴结时生发中心 形成围绕滤泡树突细胞网络 (Germinal centers form around follicular dendritic cell network when activated B cells migrate into lymphoid follicles). 初级淋巴小结(primary follicle):静息的初始B细胞 次级淋巴小结(secondary follicle)= 生发中心(germinal center) :主要含受Ag刺激后增殖分化的B淋巴母细胞