Organizing and Supporting your Speech Basic Speech Structure
Organizing and Supporting your Speech
Basic Speech Structure: Introduction Body Conclusion
Formal Outline: • Typed with consistent font and style • Consistent set of symbols to identify structure – Follows the rule of division • Contains Complete Sentences – Do not use questions for points • Follow Required Guidelines and Format – See Provided Example
From Outline to Speaking Notes
Speaking Notes • • Do not use your formal outline Brief key word outline 3 X 5 cards; or speaker’s notes May want to put quotes, First/ last sentence on cards, major statistics, and notes to yourself (slow down, smile, movement, breathe)
Develop Each Part of the Speech
Body – 70 -80% • Develop the Body before fleshing out the Introduction of Conclusion • 1 st, organize material in a logical order:
Organizing Speeches • Time patterns/Chronological • Space Patterns/Spatial • Topic Patterns/Topical • Problem/Solution Patterns • Cause-Effect Patterns • Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
2 nd, Insert Transitions and Internal Summaries Transitions words and/or phrases which keep the speech flowing smoothly Internal Summaries Longer than a transition Includes a preview and review
Now, move on to the Introduction
Introduction – 10 -15% Should fulfill four functions: 1. Includes an Attention Getter: – piques the audience interest and gets them to listen – Should be the very first thing you say before you reveal your topic 2. Create a connection between speaker and audience
2. Has a clearly stated Thesis A creative statement with one idea that introduces your topic and focuses the attention of the audience on your main goal 3. Offers a Preview A statement that tells the audience about the main things you will discuss in the speech
Finally, wrap it all up in the Conclusion
Conclusion – 10 -15% Provide a Brakelight Recap Main Points/Relevance Wrap up with a Clincher Statement (memory aid or support device are great to use here) Use Clear Polished Ending
Giving your Speech Substance
SUPPORTING MATERIAL data you use to back up your points Includes: Support Devices, Visual Aids, and Vocal Citations Support Devices: This is basically a way of presenting your research using these methods. – Examples – Anecdotes – Analogies – Quotes – Statistics – Definitions – Compare/Contrast – Narration
Establish the credibility of your support devices • Use recognizable organizations and people Or • Be sure to tell us about the person or organization
Types of Visual Aids
Diagrams – line drawing showing the most important parts (cell)
Objects – actual thing
Model – scaled representation
Word Charts and Number charts main points in speech; Top 10 Pop/Rock Songs
Pie Charts – out of 100% Types of Dogs in a Competition
Bar and Colum Charts – compare variables
Line Charts Good to show changes over time
Guidelines for Visual Aids • CVS Principle: a prescription for a great visual aid – Clarity – easily understood – Visibility – at least 2 inch letters – Simplicity - rule of seven • 7 words per 7 lines
• Follow the FUR Principle: • Helps others follow, understand, and remember • Collegiate Quality • Reliability – work, won’t backfire
Vocal Citations. Give Credit to Your Sources • Failure to provide proper credit is plagiarism • A Quote ≠ a Vocal Citation • Ex: Mark Twain said it best when he said, “It takes three weeks to prepare a good impromptu speech. ”
• Vocal citations include the name of the source – cite sources first • Example: In the July 9 issue of the Daily News Gazette, 80% of all college professors were reported as saying that students do not use correct vocal citations. • All statistics and quotes MUST have vocal citations.
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