Organized crime and Corporate Crime had I a

Organized crime and Corporate Crime “…had I a hundred tongues, a hundred mouths, a voice of iron and a chest of brass, I could not tell all the forms of crime…” Virgil (70 -19 B. C. )

Introduction n n Economic crimes of the powerful and/or influential Evolution of the concept of ‘greed’ n n n Piracy: past and present Defining Organized Crime H. Abadinsky – 1976 Am Task Force n n n Two or persons Supply illegal goods predatory

n n n n n CDN Criminal Code “enterprise crime” s. 462. 3 (Box 11. 4) Attributes Nonideological Hierarchical Limited or exclusive membership Perpetuous Specialization or division of labour Monopolistic Rules and regulations

Crime Groups in Canada n n n Aboriginal crime groups: Kahnawake & St. Regis – smuggling cigarettes, alcohol and illegal gambling operations ? ‘manufactured organized crime” Power of the ‘black market’ CP through social development

n n n Cartels: Definition Drugs – Columbia, Nigeria, Japanese, Russian… Threats to democracy and national security Transcend borders… ‘tour de force’ Counter measures

n n n Ethnic groups: ? An assimilation problem Influence of past social and political environment The power of violence (Vietnamese) International recognition (e. g. , Netherlands) Role of immigration (? )

n n n Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs Rebellion or misaligned? “Ritualism” and “retreatism” Hell’s Angels and Harley’s A subculture of capitalist system Evolved in level of sophistication n Chain of command Use of violence and bribery Defined rules and regulations

n n Explaining organized crime: Definitional challenge n n n “Che” Guevara Crusaders of 1100 -1300 s Some foreign governments Strain, blocked opportunity, and anomie Functionalism Line between crime and government!

n n n n SUMMARY Widespread! Economic impact!! Providing an ‘illicit market’ Definitional challenge O. C. is formalized and highly structures To counter requires… n Interdisciplinary, integrated, and international approach

Corporate Crime n n n Crimes against public order by ‘big business’ The ‘good’ ‘bad’ corporate citizen White collar crime – E. Sutherland Pervasive in society Challenge to counter…

n Computer and High Technology Crime Highly profitable and relatively risk free n n n Types of computer crimes n Ss. 342. 1 & 430 Law enforcement resources limited

n n n n Explaining Corporate Crime Differential association Conflict perspective Neutralization Shaming Power of being economically motivated NO single theory or strategy sufficient

SUMMARY n n n Organized crime and corporate crime pervasive Differ in characteristics but similar in modus operandi Intervention efforts minimal Temptation powerful Role of an interdisciplinary and integrated approach

Time is up…