Organizational Behavior Learning and Behavior Modification Gholipour A

Organizational Behavior: Learning and Behavior Modification Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

Definition of Learning A relatively permanent change in behavior (or behavior tendency) that occurs as a result of a person’s interaction with the environment. Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

Theories of Learning • Classical Conditioning. • Operant Conditioning. - Law of effect. • Social Learning ( Attention, Reproduction, Reinforcement). - Cognition, Insight Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

A-B-Cs of Behavior Modification Antecedents Behavior Consequences What happens before behavior What person says or does What happens After behavior Employee attends scheduled work Employee receives attendance bonus Example Attendance bonus system is announced Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

Shaping Behavior: A Managerial Tool • Positive Reinforcement. • Negative Reinforcement. • Punishment. • Extinction. Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

Schedules of Reinforcement Behaviors 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Continuous Fixed ratio Variable ratio Time (Days) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Fixed interval Variable interval Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

Job Behavior Modification • Step 1: Identify Target behavior • Step 2: Functionally Analyze the Situation • Step 3: Arrange Antecedents and Provide Consequences • Step 4: Evaluate Results Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

Learning through Feedback • Any information about consequences of our behavior • Clarifies role perceptions • Corrective feedback improves ability • Positive feedback motivates future behavior Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

Multi-Source (360 Degree) Feedback Supervisor Customer Co-worker Project leader Evaluated Employee Subordinate Co-worker Subordinate Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

Giving Feedback Effectively Specific Relevant Credible Effective Feedback Frequent Timely Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

Other Key Terms • Self-Management • Learning Through Experience • Action Learning Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.