Organic Compounds Macromolecules Lipids 2142022 Organic Compounds Lipids

Organic Compounds (Macromolecules) Lipids 2/14/2022 Organic Compounds: Lipids 1

LIPIDS waxy or oily organic compound that stores energy in its bonds 2/14/2022 Organic Compounds: Lipids 2

Lipids ❁ lipids – waxy or oily organic compound that stores energy in its bonds E. g. fats, oils, & waxes ❁ Insoluble in water (hydrophobic) but soluble in other lipids ❁ ❁ major roles Store energy ❁ Form biological membranes ❁ insulation ❁ Chemical messengers ❁ 2/14/2022 Organic Compounds: Lipids 3

Lipids ❁ Monomer: Fatty Acids or Glycerol ❁ Many important lipids form from combo of fatty acids & glycerol 2/14/2022 Organic Compounds: Lipids 4

Lipids: Triglyceride ❁1 type of lipid or fat is made up of fatty acids & glycerol molecules in 3: 1 ratio. ❁ bonding of 3 fatty acids to 1 glycerol molecule creates a triglyceride. ❁ used 2/14/2022 by organisms for energy storage Organic Compounds: Lipids 5

Lipids ❁ Twice as many calories as carbs good way to store energy for future use ❁ Identification ❁ Composed of C, H, & O but in different proportions than carbohydrates ❂ >2: 1 ratio of H: O ❁ carboxyl group (COOH) 2/14/2022 Organic Compounds: Lipids 6

Lipids ❁ fatty acids: saturated vs. unsaturated ❁ saturated – carbon atoms joined by a single bond (have max # of hydrogen atoms) e. g. butter, lard, & other animal fats ❁ unsaturated – carbon atoms joined by a double bond e. g. vegetable oil 2/14/2022 Organic Compounds: Lipids 7

Lipids: 2 other Kinds ❁ sterol – any group of naturally occurring unsaturated steroid alcohols ❁ cholesterol – compound found in animal fats, meats, & dairy products that can build cells but in excess can be a risk factor for heart disease (sterols molecule) ❁ phospholipid – Contains Parts that Dissolve well in Water (hydrophilic i. e. Head Polar) & Parts that Do not Dissolve well in water (hydrophobic; i. e. tail nonpolar) ❁ Form bilayers when dissolve in water 2/14/2022 Organic Compounds: Lipids 8

Lipids: 2 other Kinds 2/14/2022 Organic Compounds: Lipids 9