Organic Compounds A cracker is made of flour

Organic Compounds

A cracker is made of flour, baking soda and water. The flour contains a lot of carbohydrates (starches) but no sugar, so the cracker is not sweet. The cracker is an example of a complex carbohydrate. Complex carbohydrates give the body long lasting energy.

There are enzymes in your saliva that begin the process of breaking down the starch (carbohydrates) in the cracker into sugars. This chemical change should make the cracker taste sweet over time. Problem: How does chewing a cracker and mixing it with saliva in your mouth affect the taste over time?

Conclusion: 1. How does saliva chemically change the cracker? ____ in the saliva break down the carbohydrates into ____. 2. Why are complex carbohydrates important to the body ? Complex carbohydrates are important to the body because ______. 3. The chemical breakdown of carbohydrates begins in the _____when food is mixed with _____.

When carbohydrates break down, they turn into SUGAR!!!!

ELEMENTS Think about the words on this slide. There are quite a few different words each with its own meaning. The English language has thousands of words, but they have one thing in common. They are all made from different combinations of the same 26 letters. In the same way, all the matter around you is made of about 100 different substances, called elements. *All matter is made of elements.

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means. In most cases, an element is represented by a one or two letter symbol. Ex. O (oxygen)

All living things are made of organic compounds. If you can eat and digest something, it was once living and considered to be organic. In order to understand what an organic compound is, we must recognize the elements that make up an organic compound. On the next slide, you will find common organic compounds which include carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.

What are common factors in each compound you think would identify these compounds as being organic?

CHONPS Foods are made of the same materials as plants and animals from which they come. Foods are made of ORGANIC COMPONDS: • CARBON • HYDROGEN • OXYGEN • NITROGEN • PHOSPHORUS • SULFUR

COMPOUNDS If you put two or more letters of the alphabet together in a meaningful way, you make a word. Similarly, elements may be combines to make compounds. • Compounds are substances made of 2 or more different elements or compounds chemically combined. A formula shows the ratio of elements in the compound. Ex. H 2 O *2 Hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom

Identifying Elements and Number of Atoms in Organic Compounds Name and Formula Amino Acid (Protein) C 2 H 4 O 2 N Methane CH 4 Glucose (Sugar) C 6 H 12 O 6 Saturated Fat (Lipid) C 10 H 20 O 2 Salt Na. Cl Identify the Elements Organic or Not?