Optogenetics the basic concept Express a lightactivated ion

Optogenetics – the basic concept • Express a light-activated ion channel (isolated from bacteria) in a specific sub-population of neurons • Illuminate neurons to modulate activity – Modulation depends on type of channel • Record output (e-phys, f. MRI, behavioral, etc. )

PNAS | December 23, 2014 | vol. 111 | no. 51 | 18387– 18392

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Figure 1. Human embryo development in co-culture. Teklenburg G, Salker M, Molokhia M, Lavery S, Trew G, et al. (2010) Natural Selection of Human Embryos: Decidualizing Endometrial Stromal Cells Serve as Sensors of Embryo Quality upon Implantation. PLo. S ONE 5(4): e 10258. doi: 10. 1371/journal. pone. 0010258 http: //journals. plos. org/plosone/article? id=info: doi/10. 1371/journal. pone. 0010258

Figure 3. Developmentally impaired human embryos inhibit the secretion of selective implantation modulators by decidualizing ESCs. Teklenburg G, Salker M, Molokhia M, Lavery S, Trew G, et al. (2010) Natural Selection of Human Embryos: Decidualizing Endometrial Stromal Cells Serve as Sensors of Embryo Quality upon Implantation. PLo. S ONE 5(4): e 10258. doi: 10. 1371/journal. pone. 0010258 http: //journals. plos. org/plosone/article? id=info: doi/10. 1371/journal. pone. 0010258