Optimizacija metode za analizu anjona jonskom hromatografijom Prof

Optimizacija metode za analizu anjona jonskom hromatografijom Prof. Dr Snežana Maletić , Prof. Dr Ivana Ivančev-Tumbas Tehnička priprema: Dr Malcolm Watson , Dr Anita Leovac Maćerak Kurs: Kontrola kvaliteta životne sredine (viši kurs) – laboratorijska vežba Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Republika Srbija _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Cilj laboratorijske vežbe • Preneti studentu znanje o • (1) optimizaciji instrumentalnih operativnih uslova; • (2) razlici eluiranja jona u gradijentnim i izokratičnim uslovima; • (3) uticaju koncentracije eluenta i gradijentnih uslova hromatografisanja na separaciju jona i selektivnost jonske hromatografije; • (4) optimizaciji IC metode analize _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Ishodi laboratorijske vežbe Nakon urađene vežbe student će samostalno moći da: ü Optimizuje uslova rada instrumenta kako bi se postigli najbolji operativni uslovi; ü Objasni razliku eluiranja jona u gradijentnim i izokratičnim uslovima; ü Proceni kako koncentracija eluenta i gradijentni uslovi hromatografisanja utiču na separaciju jona i selektivnost jonske hromatografije; ü Optimizuje IC metode analize _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH Hromatografska kolona Injektor Detektor – konduktometrij ska ćelija NR 3+NR 3+ NR 3+NR 3+ Eluent generator Pumpa Pred kolona Tok eluenta i uzorka Supresor Kompjuter Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH OH- OH + K K+ K+ OHK + OH- H 2 O NR 3+NR 3+ NR 3+NR 3+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Adapted from Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ K+ OHK + OH- NR 3+NR 3+ H 2 O KOH NR 3+NR 3+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ K+ OHK + OH- NR 3+NR 3+ H 2 O KOH NR 3+NR 3+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ K+ OHK + OH- NR 3+NR 3+ H+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ K+ OH- OHH+ NR 3+NR 3+ K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH NR 3+NR 3+ H+ OH- K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ K+ OH- OHH+ NR 3+NR 3+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH K+OH NR 3+NR 3+ - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH K+ OHNR 3+NR 3+ - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OHK+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH K+ K+ OH- OHNR 3+NR 3+ - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OHK+ K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH K+ K+ K+ OH- OHNR 3+NR 3+ - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OHK+ K+ K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH K+ K+ - OH- OHOH + + + NR 3+NR 3+ - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- OHK+ K+ K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije K+OH K+ K+ K+ - OH- OHOH + + + NR 3+NR 3+ - K+OH- H 2 O KO H OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H PRODUCT MANUAL FOR THE ANION SELF-REGENERATING SUPPRESSOR 300, CATION SELFREGENERATING SUPPRESSOR 300, Thermo Scientific Dionex, 2007 K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- OHK+ K+ K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH K+ K+ - OH- OHOH + + + NR 3+NR 3+ H 2 O - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- OHK+ K+ K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH K+ K+ - OH- OHOH + + + NR 3+NR 3+ H 2 O - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- OHK+ K+ K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije A 3 - A- A 2 - A 3 A 2 - A A 3 A 3 - A- A 2 - AA 3 - A 2 - KOH K+ K+ - OH- OHOH + + + NR 3+NR 3+ H 2 O - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H Injektovanje uzorka H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- OHK+ K+ K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije A 2 - A 3 A 3 - A- A 2 - A- K+ K+ K+ - OHOH- OHOH A 3+ + + NR 3+NR 3+ KOH K+OH H 2 O - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ A 3 - OH- OH- OH+ + K+ K+ K+ A- A- A 2 - K K A 2 - AA 3 - A 2 Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 Tok eluenta i uzorka _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH A 2 - A 23 A A 2 -A 3 - K+ A- A K+ K+ K+ OH- A-- OH- OHA 3+ NR 3+NR 3+ OH-+ K+ K OHH + OH+ H K+OH H 2 O - K+OH- H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ A- OH- OHA 3 - OH- A 2+ A A 3 -A 2 K AK+ K+ K+ 2 A Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH A 2 - K+ K+ AA 3 - K+ A 2 OH- A 2 -OH- A-AA 3 NR 3+NR 3+ K+OH H 2 O - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ A 3 - OH- A 2 - 2 OH- AAA 3+ 2 A K A K+ K+ A- Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije PRODUCT MANUAL FOR THE ANION SELFREGENERATING SUPPRESSOR 300, CATION SELF-REGENERATING SUPPRESSOR 300, Thermo Scientific Dionex, 2007 KOH 3 - 32 K+ K+ K+ A A K+ 2 -A OH- OH- A 3 - OH- A A 2 NR 3+NR 3+ K+OH H 2 O - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- A 3 -OH- A 2 -A 22 K+ K+ K+ A 3 - K+ A Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH 3 - 32 K+ K+ K+ A A K+ 2 -A OH- OH- A 3 - OH- A A 2 NR 3+NR 3+ K+OH A- - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H A- A- H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- A 3 -OH- A 2 -A 22 K+ K+ K+ A 3 - K+ A Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije - šema KOH 3 - 32 K+ K+ K+ A A K+ 2 -A OH- OH- A 3 - OH- A A 2 NR 3+NR 3+ K+OH H 2 O - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- A 3 -OH- A 2 -A 22 K+ K+ K+ A 3 - K+ A Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije K+OH 3 K+ K+ -K+ A 3 -A OH- OH- OHOH- A 3 NR 3+NR 3+ H 2 O - K+OH- H 2 O KO H OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H PRODUCT MANUAL FOR THE ANION SELFREGENERATING SUPPRESSOR 300, CATION SELF-REGENERATING SUPPRESSOR 300, Thermo Scientific Dionex, 2007 H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- AA 3 -3 K+ K+ K+ A 3 K+K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH 3 K+ K+ -K+ A 3 -A OH- OH- OHOH- A 3 NR 3+NR 3+ K+OH 2 A 2 -A A 2 - - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- AA 3 -3 K+ K+ K+ A 3 K+K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH 3 K+ K+ -K+ A 3 -A OH- OH- OHOH- A 3 NR 3+NR 3+ K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- AA 3 -3 K+ K+ K+ A 3 K+K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije PRODUCT MANUAL FOR THE ANION SELFREGENERATING SUPPRESSOR 300, CATION SELF-REGENERATING SUPPRESSOR 300, Thermo Scientific Dionex, 2007 KOH K+ K+ -K+ K+ OH- OH- OHNR 3+NR 3+ K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- OHK+ K+ K+K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije KOH K+ K+ -K+ K+ OH- OH- OHNR 3+NR 3+ A 3 -A 3 A 3 - - K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- OHK+ K+ K+K+ Tok eluenta i uzorka Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Osnove jonske hromatografije Prilagođeno iz Cerjan Stefanović Š. , Kemijske reakcije u ionoizmenjivačkoj koloni, Water Workshop, Novi Sad, 2007 KOH K+ K+ -K+ K+ OH- OH- OHNR 3+NR 3+ K+OH- H 2 O OH- OH + K K+ OHH + OH+ H H 2 O K+OH- NR 3+NR 3+ OH- OH- OH- OHK+ K+ K+K+ Više informacija o osnovama IC hromatografije se može naći u: 1. J. Weiss: Ion Chromatography, VCH 1995 2. H. Small: Ion Chromatography, Plenum Press, New York and London, 1990. _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

• Selektivnost jonske izmene odslikava verovatnoću razmene jona. • Koeficijent selektivnosti opisuje konstantu ravnoteže za proces jonske izmene. • Ovaj proces može biti ilustrovan jednačinom Eq (1): Eq (1) Gde supskript m označava mobilnu (rastvor) fazu, a r označava stacionarnu (smola) fazu. Source: Pohl C. A. , Stillian J. R. , Jackson P. E. Factors controlling ion-exchange selectivity in suppressed ion chromatography- Review. Journal of Chromatography A, 789 (1997) 29– 41. _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

• Pri uslovima gde su koeficijenti aktiviteta približno jednaki jedinici, Koeficijent selektivnosti, KA, E može sa izraziti prema Eq. (2): Eq 2 • Ako je K A, E=1, jon selektivna smola ne pokazuje veći afinitet prema anjonu A naspram anjona E. • Ako je KA, E 1, A interaguje jače sa smolom od anjona E i stacionarna faza će sadržati veće koncentracije anjona A od njegove koncentracije u rastvoru. • Obrnuto važi kada je KA, E 1. Source: Pohl C. A. , Stillian J. R. , Jackson P. E. Factors controlling ion-exchange selectivity in suppressed ion chromatography- Review. Journal of Chromatography A, 789 (1997) 29– 41. _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

• Interakcija između naelektrisanog jona analita i jono-izmenjivačke smole zavisi od : • Naelektrisanja jona analita, • Veličine solvatisanog jona, • Polarizabilnosti jona, • Stepena umreženosti smole, • Jono-izmenjivačkog kapaciteta smole, • Funkcionalnih grupa jono-izmenjivača, i • Prirode i koncentracije eluenta. • Ove osobine mogu biti korišćene za predviđanje relativnih afiniteta jono-izmenivača za različite jone, iako u realnosti afiniteti mogu značajno varirati sa tipom jono-izmenjivača i uslova u kojima se Source: Pohl C. A. , Stillian J. R. , Jackson P. E. Factors koristi. controlling ion-exchange selectivity in suppressed ion chromatography- Review. Journal of Chromatography A, 789 (1997) 29– 41. _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Koncentracija eluenta Što je veća koncentracija eluenta, eluent efektivnije zamenjuje jone analita u stacionarnoj fazi što rezultuje kraćim vremenom eluiranja. log(k’) • 60 Source: Pohl C. A. , Stillian J. R. , Jackson P. E. Factors controlling ion-exchange selectivity in suppressed ion chromatography- Review. Journal of Chromatography A, 789 (1997) 29– 41. 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 Log[E] 10 15 • Vezano za selektivnost, stepen do koga mogu biti varirana retenciona vremena jona analita zavisi od naelektrisanja jona analita i eluenta. • Povećanjem koncentracije monovalentnog jona eluenta smanjuje retenciono vreme dvovalentnog jona dva puta brže od monovalentnog jona, što može dovesti do promene redosledeu eluaciji jona. _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Kratak opis laboratorijske vežbe • Uticaj koncentracije eluenta na IC selektivnost monovalentnih, divalentnih i trivalentnih anjona biće pokazana na 7 anjona: • Br. O 3 -, Cl. O 2 -, Cl. O 3 -, Br-, NO 3 • SO 42 -, • PO 43 • Anjoni će biti pripremljeni u koncentraciji od 5 mg/dm 3 u • Smeši svih 7 anjona • Pojedinačni rastvori svih anjona _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Kratak opis laboratorijske vežbe • Pripremljeni rastvori anjona će biti analizirani na jonskom hromatografu u: • Izokratičnim uslovima pri koncentraciji eluenta od 10 m. M • Izokratičnim uslovima pri koncentraciji eluenta od 60 m. M • Višestepenim gradijentnim uslovima • Biće pokazana promena redosleda eluacije anjona. • Biće pokazana optimizacija metode sa aspekta koncentracije eluenta. _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Materijali i reagensi • Br. O 3 - osnovni standardni rastvor 1 g/dm 3 • Cl. O 2 - osnovni standardni rastvor 1 g/dm 3 • Cl. O 3 - osnovni standardni rastvor 1 g/dm 3 • Br- osnovni standardni rastvor 1 g/dm 3 • NO 3 - osnovni standardni rastvor 1 g/dm 3 • SO 42 - osnovni standardni rastvor 1 g/dm 3 • PO 43 - osnovni standardni rastvor 1 g/dm 3 _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Oprema • Jonski hromatograf- IC 3000 Dionex • Informacije vezane za rad i bezbednost prilikom rada na instrumentima su data u vodičima samih instrumenata. • (štampana verzija dostupna u laboratoriji za IC hromatografiju na zahtev) • ICS-3000 Ion Chromatography System Operator's Manual _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Sadržaj laboratorijske vežbe ü Optimizacija operativnih uslova IC hromatografa. ü Deo 1 – Osnovni delovi IC hromatografa ü Deo 2 – Pokretanje IC hromatografa ü Jonska hromatografija u izokratskim uslovima. ü Deo 3 – 10 m. M izokratski uslovi ü Deo 4 – 60 m. M izokratski uslovi ü Jonska hromatografija u gradijentnim uslovima. ü Deo 5 – Gradijentni uslovi ü Demonstracija uticaja koncentracije eluenta na redosled eluiranja anjona ü Deo 6 – Poređenje izokratskih i gradijentnih uslova _____________________________________________ This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.