Operant Conditioning 2 To start complete your cartoon

Operant Conditioning 2 To start - complete your cartoon questions Learning Questions: What are the principles of operant conditioning? How are operant and classical conditioning similar and different? How can operant conditioning be

Principles of Operant Conditioning What do each of these terms mean? Stimulus generalisation Stimulus discrimination extinction Spontaneous recovery How do you think these might apply to operant conditioning? Complete these sections of your table.

Classical and Operant conditioning - Common Features Both have an acquisition phase in which the response is conditioned or learned. Extinction occurs in both Extinction can be interrupted by spontaneous recovery. Both demonstrate stimulus generalisation and stimulus discrimination, although this is not unique to conditioning.

Classical and Operant conditioning - Common Features Both types of conditioning are achieved as a result of repeated association of two events which follow each other closely in time. These similarities lead psychologists to believe that both types of conditioning are variants of a single learning process.

Major Differences Role of the Learner In operant conditioning the emphasis is on the consequences of a response – a behaviour becomes more or less likely depending on its consequences. In classical conditioning, the behaviour of the learner does not have any environmental consequences.

For example… In Pavlov’s procedure, the dog receives food whether or not it salivates. In operant conditioning, the operant’s response (such as pressing a lever) produces an effect on the environment (such as a food pellet). These effects influence whether or not the response occurs again.

Major Differences timing of stimulus and response Classical conditioning – CS (bell) occurs just before the UCS (food) to achieve maximum CR. Operant conditioning – reinforcement must be given continuously at the start but can then shift to partial once behaviour has been established.

Major differences nature of response Classical and operant conditioning also generally involve different types of responses. Classical – the response is involuntary (an automatic reaction to something happening in the environment) Operant – involves voluntary responses which are initiated by the organism as well as involuntary responses.

Log Book Activity Operant conditioning - token economies. Complete your study sheet for this experiment and glue it into your log book

Reflection and Homework Operant conditioning crossword Homework - Complete your classical and operant conditioning worksheet.