Opensource com Flickr Image https www flickr comphotosopensourceway6555466069

Opensource. com Flickr Image: https: //www. flickr. com/photos/opensourceway/6555466069/ Introduction to Open Education

Open education is a philosophy about the way people should produce, share, and build on knowledge. Proponents of open education believe everyone in the world should have access to highquality educational experiences and resources, and they work to eliminate barriers to this goal. https: //opensource. com/resources/what-open-education Open Education

The technology we use today allows us to: • share our own educational materials freely and extend our reach for teaching and educating others • find & use existing free high-quality educational materials that meet our own instructional goals and the needs of our students • build upon the works of others to enhance the quality of existing teaching and learning materials Open Education

• Barrier to Sharing and Reusing Materials • Copyright – All Rights Reserved • Solution: Creative Commons – Some Rights Reserved • Openly licensed teaching and learning materials Barriers to Open Education

Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and re-purposing by others. – The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation: http: //www. hewlett. org/programs/education-program/openeducational-resources Open Educational Resources

Free Access + Free Permissions - The 5 R’s • Open licenses provides at least 2 kinds of permissions: – Reuse – Permission to make and reuse exact copies – Redistribute – Permission to share copies with others • Open should also provide these additional permissions: – Revise – Permission to change, adapt, and alter the resource – Remix – Permission to combine the OER with other materials to produce a new work – Retain – Users have the right to make, archive, and “own” copies of the content - David Wiley - http: //opencontent. org/blog/ Free Access + Free Permissions

Courses Images Modules OER Test Banks Videos Learning Objects Textbooks Types of OER

Libre. Texts Open Access to OER Learning Materials

http: //www. cool 4 ed. org/index. html COOL 4 Ed - Faculty Showcase

Florida Virtual Campus. (2016). 2016 Florida Student Textbooks and Course Materials Survey. Tallahassee, FL: Author. Retrieved from http: //www. openaccesstextbooks. org/pdf/2016_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey. pdf Impact of Textbook Costs on Students

• Open Textbook Quality Varies • As with traditionally published resources • No perfect textbook • Peer Reviews • Open Textbook Library • https: //open. umn. edu/opentextbooks/ • Textbook Selection • Faculty sometimes select a textbook then build a course around the book • Open textbooks can be adapted and edited to fit the learning objectives and goals for a course Quality Question

• Students who use OER tend to do as well or better than their peers using traditional textbooks in terms of course completion and passing rates. • Literature indicates that open textbooks are connected with high student and faculty satisfaction, lower costs, and similar or better educational outcomes. Hilton, J. (2016). Open educational resources and college textbook choices: a review of research on efficacy and perceptions. Educational Technology Research and Development, 64(4). pp 573– 590. https: //link. springer. com/article/10. 1007/s 11423 -016 -9434 -9 Efficacy and Perceptions of OER

An interdisciplinary research group that (1) conducts original, rigorous, empirical research on the impact of OER adoption on a range of educational outcomes and (2) designs and shares methodological and conceptual frameworks for studying the impact of OER adoption. http: //openedgroup. org The Open Education Group

• • Open Pedagogy Open Educational Practices OER-Enabled Pedagogy Debate/Discussion in OER Community as to what these terms mean Moving From Open Content to Open Education in Practice

OER-enabled pedagogy is the set of teaching and learning practices only possible or practical when you have permission to engage in the 5 R activities. David Wiley https: //opencontent. org/blog/ OER-Enabled Pedagogy

• Content and resources adhere to the 5 Rs • Access to the materials freely available • Users must have the tools, skills, and an Internet connection to access the resources • ADA compliance • Formats that can be used by everyone Open Educational Practice Considerations

• Learning Environments - Are your students entirely at a distance, face-2 -face, or a blended/hybrid approach? • Can students generate work that can also be contributed to the open community? • OER-Enabled Pedagogy Examples – http: //openedgroup. org/oer-enabled-pedagogy Open Educational Practice Considerations

• Building Communities of Contributors – Invite students to participate in creating materials that can be contributed to the commons – Course assignments in which students update or adapt OER, create OER for future students in the course – Writing op-ed pieces or annotating readings on the open web Open Educational Practice

• Students spend hours working on an assignment/essay/project • Submits it to one person • Only instructor will read it • Instructor provides written formative feedback and returns back to student • How many of them actually read the feedback? • Student throws away the assignment https: //opencontent. org/blog/archives/2975 Disposable Assignments

Why have students answer questions when they can write them? - RAJIV JHANGIANI , PH. D. • Students were asked to write 4 questions each week, 2 factual (e. g. , a definition or evidence-based prediction) and 2 applied (e. g. , scenario-type). • For the first two weeks they wrote just one plausible distractor and the instructor, Jhangiani, provided the question stem, the correct answer, and 2 plausible distractors). • They also peer reviewed questions written by 3 of their (randomly assigned) peers. Renewable Assignment Example

• For the next two weeks they wrote two plausible distractors (the rest of the procedure was the same). • For the next two weeks they wrote all 3 plausible distractors (the rest of the procedure was the same). • For the remainder of the semester they wrote the stem, the correct answer, and all the distractors. • Result - class of 35 students wrote 1400 questions in the span of 10 weeks! Read More at: RAJIV JHANGIANI , PH. D. https: //thatpsychprof. com/why-have-students-answer-questions-when-they-can-write-them/ Renewable Assignment Example

Chem. Wiki Libre. Text - https: //chem. libretexts. org • Some content comes from existing open resources, and the rest is created from scratch by students, professors and outside experts. • Crowd-sourced review structure • Anyone with an editable account can fix mistakes instantly, and everyone else can point out mistakes through a feedback function. Chem. Wiki

• The Noba catalog covers the traditional scope of introductory psychology and then some. • The goals of Noba are three-fold: – To reduce financial burden on students by providing access to free educational content – To provide instructors with a platform to customize educational content to better suit their curriculum – To present free, high-quality material written by a collection of experts and authorities in the field of psychology http: //nobaproject. com Noba

• Annual video competition • Ask students across the world to produce 2 -3 minute instructional videos that provide overviews of particular psychological theories or concepts • Videos that win are uploaded and shared • Students are recognized for their work • Instructors then use the videos Noba Student Video Competition

• These student assessments/assignments are created and shared in the open and shared with the commons. • These examples are renewable assignments Noba Student Video Competition

• OER provide a means for – Cost savings – Access – Student retention and success • By using OER, Open Pedagogy (OER-enabled pedagogy) helps to achieve the goal that everyone in the world should have access to high quality educational experiences and resources Why Open Matters

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