Open Innovation Open Science Open to the World

Open Innovation Open Science Open to the World Setting the Scene Maria da Graça Carvalho Coimbra Group H L Seminar Venice, 27 -28 October 2016 Research and Innovation

Objective of the Presentation • To give an overview to the conceptual insights • behind the policy priorities set by Commissioner Moedas: Open Innovation, Open Science and Open to the World. To analyze the introduction of these concepts in the priorities of the European Commission in terms of: • research and innovation policy development and • sources of evidence and advice for sound policy-making. Research and Innovation Objectives

Open Innovation Research and Innovation

Open Innovation – a concept in evolution The concept of Open Innovation is constantly evolving and is moving from linear, bilateral transactions and collaborations towards dynamic, networked, multi-collaborative innovation ecosystems. Research and Innovation Open Innovation

Open Innovation in the new Commission priorities The Commission aims to ensure that the appropriate framework conditions for innovation are in place through the three pillars of its Open Innovation policy. These are: • Reforming the Regulatory Environment, • Boosting Private Investment and • Maximizing Impact. Research and Innovation Open Innovation

The Commission’s three pillars of action INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM PUBLIC SECTOR BUSINESSES CITIZENS ACADEMIA PILLAR 1 Reforming the Regulatory Environment ü Scientific Advice Mechanism ü Innov. Refit ü Innovation Deals ü Policy Support Facility FINANCE PILLAR 2 Boosting Private Investment in Research & Innovation ü European Fund of Funds ü Maximise use of EFSI Research and Innovation PILLAR 3 Maximising impacts ü Seal of Excellence ü European Innovation Council ü Merge digital into thematic priorities (health, energy, food, water) ü 2 nd wave of simplification Open Innovation

Open Science Research and Innovation

Open Science – opening up the research process / pe n w ta or bb kf o lo ok w s n pe O en Op ation t no an ep tu at io n Sc ie blo nce g w ie al is v Re Collaborative bibliographies Pre-prin ath a-g nc Op acc en ess g erin O Dat tion Co t de co Analysis lica Pub Open data Citi z scie en nce Data e siv n e t in e tiv na tion r te a s Al put em re yst s Research and Innovation Source : http: //ec. europa. eu/research/consultations/science-2. 0/background. pdf Open Science

Towards ‘better science’ – Good, efficient and Open Science research governance changes § § § declaring competing interests replication & reproducibility meaningful assessment effective quality checks credit where it is due no fraud, plagiarism GOOD § connected tools & technical changes & standards § § platforms no publ. size restrictions EFFICIENT null result publishing speed of publication (web)standards, IDs § open peer review § open (lab)notes economic § plain language OPEN & copyright § open drafting changes § open access Research and Innovation Source: http: //blogs. lse. ac. uk/impactofsocialsciences/2015/11/11/101 -innovations-in-scholarlycommunication/ Open Science

FOPEN SCIENCE IN THE COMMISSION NEW PRIORITIES 1. Developing research infrastructures for Open Science, to improve data hosting, access and governance, with the development of a common framework for research data and creation of a European Open Science Cloud. 2. Mainstreaming and further promoting open access policies as regards both research data and research publications. 3. Removing barriers to Open Science: this implies a review of researchers' careers so as to create incentives and rewards for engaging in Open Science. 4. Research Integrity 5. Fostering and creating incentives for Open Science, by promoting best practices and increasing the input of knowledge producers into a more open science environment (citizen science). Research and Innovation Open Science

Open to the World Research and Innovation

From an International S&T Cooperation Program to a Science Diplomacy Policy International research and innovation cooperation leading to common standards, scientific exchange and mobility, the sharing of resources and facilities, and scientific advice to diplomats and diplomat scientists should help underpin good governance and policy-making and build mutual understanding and trust. As such, science diplomacy should become an element of the renewed Global Strategy on the EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy. Research and Innovation Open to the World

OPEN TO THE WORLD IN THE COMMISSION'S NEW PRIORITIES • LEADING MULTILATERAL INITIATIVES AND WORKING WITH INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS TO TACKLE GLOBAL SOCIETAL CHALLENGES • IMPROVING THE FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS FOR ENGAGING IN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION • A GLOBAL RESEARCH AREA Research and Innovation Open to the World

OPEN TO THE WORLD IN THE COMMISSION'S NEW PRIORITIES • RESEARCH AND INNOVATION AS AN AGENT OF INTEGRATION OF NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES • STRENGTHENING SYNERGIES WITH THE EU'S EXTERNAL POLICIES • SCIENCE DIPLOMACY ACROSS THE GLOBE Research and Innovation Open to the World

OPEN TO THE WORLD IN THE COMMISSION'S NEW PRIORITIES • GREATER SYNERGIES WITH THE ACTIONS OF MEMBER STATES • THEMATIC COOPERATION TARGETING NEW VALUE CHAINS AND GROWING MARKETS • INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AS A CROSSCUTTING PRIORITY OF HORIZON 2020 Research and Innovation Open to the World

PILLAR 1 - SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY MECHANISM Research and Innovation

The Commission’s three pillars of action INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM PUBLIC SECTOR BUSINESSES CITIZENS ACADEMIA PILLAR 1 Reforming the Regulatory Environment ü Scientific Advice Mechanism ü Innov. Refit ü Innovation Deals ü Policy Support Facility FINANCE PILLAR 2 Boosting Private Investment in Research & Innovation ü European Fund of Funds ü Maximise use of EFSI Research and Innovation PILLAR 3 Maximising impacts ü Seal of Excellence ü European Innovation Council ü Merge digital into thematic priorities (health, energy, food, water) ü 2 nd wave of simplification Open Innovation

Why was a new mechanism needed in the European Commission? • Scientific evidence increasingly important for policy making, a part of Better Regulation • Scientific advice needs to be independent, objective, interdisciplinary, transparent • And must take account of specific characteristics of EU policy making, e. g. • Different national perspectives • Principles of proportionality and subsidiarity Research and Innovation SAM

There are reasons for the recent "renaissance" of science advice • The world is getting more and more complex and interdependent and so do political challenges • Policy issues are getting more and more multisectorial, requiring multi-disciplinary science advice • Knowledge is generated at an unprecedented speed • Science is more and more opening up (open access, citizen science, transparency etc. ) Research and Innovation SAM

Use of scientific advice in the Commission until 2015 Already extensive use of scientific advice in specific policy areas: • Joint Research Centre providing in-house scientific support • Use of external experts • Horizon 2020 finances research projects in support of EU policies • Chief Scientific Advisor 2012 -2014 But lack of a structured mechanism to provide timely, independent, high level scientific advice to meet needs across all policy areas. Research and Innovation SAM

The two main features of SAM Strengthen existing arrangements and bring together the supply and demand for independent scientific advice, with two main features: • A structured relationship with scientific advisory bodies in Member States (e. g. national Academies). • Establishing a High Level Group of eminent scientists- to improve the interaction with scientific community, and ensure independence, scientific integrity, transparency Research and Innovation SAM

Elements of the Scientific Advice Mechanism Research and Innovation SAM

Political Decisions = Evidence + Political Considerations + Values IN OTHER WORDS: ETHICS MATTER! Research and Innovation SAM

The European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies • High level group appointed by the President • Provides independent advice on ethics of science and technologies (and their wider societal implications) in relation to EU policies • 15 members, inter-disciplinary (science, philosophy, law…) • Produces Opinions and recommendations at the request of the President Research and Innovation SAM-EGE

A new era for the EGE • The future European Group on Ethics remains the high level group of the President, now operating under the direct responsibility of Commissioner Moedas • New home for the EGE Secretariat in DG RTD, SAM Unit Research and Innovation SAM-EGE

EGE OPINIONS Research and Innovation SAM-EGE

The EGE within the Commission Council European Parliament President Demand for ethical advice European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies Supply of ethical advice Commissioner for RSI College Commission Services Operational support EGE Secretariat SAM Unit, DG RTD Stakeholders National and International Ethics Bodies Academia and learned societies NGOs and Civil Society Research and Innovation Industry & private sector Other stakeholders

European Innovation Council Research and Innovation

The Commission’s three pillars of action INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM PUBLIC SECTOR BUSINESSES CITIZENS ACADEMIA PILLAR 1 Reforming the Regulatory Environment ü Scientific Advice Mechanism ü Innov. Refit ü Innovation Deals ü Policy Support Facility FINANCE PILLAR 2 Boosting Private Investment in Research & Innovation ü European Fund of Funds ü Maximise use of EFSI Research and Innovation PILLAR 3 Maximising impacts ü Seal of Excellence ü European Innovation Council ü Merge digital into thematic priorities (health, energy, food, water) ü 2 nd wave of simplification Open Innovation

Problem statement EIC Europe performs well on some measures of innovation (e. g. generation of scientific knowledge, leadership in some technology fields) a key weakness relates to the lack of 'marketcreating innovation' and scale-ups Research and Innovation European Innovation Council

Horizon 2020 and Innovation Horizon 2020 is the first EU programme to integrate research and innovation, with strengthened support for public private partnerships (PPPs), innovative SMEs, and use of financial instruments. Research and Innovation European Innovation Council

'Call for Ideas' In a recent 'Call for Ideas' on the European Innovation Council, the responses had a clear message. The EU support for innovation should be: • simpler • faster • fill the gaps in innovation support Research and Innovation European Innovation Council

Reforms to innovation support The Commission intends: • to introduce a first set of reforms to innovation support within the existing legal and financial framework of Horizon 2020, for the period 2018 -2020, and • to consider the case for more far reaching reforms in the preparations for the next EU Research and Innovation Framework Programmes post-2020. Research and Innovation European Innovation Council

EIC 'pilot' for 2018 -204 ( 10 changes announced by Commissioner Moedas) 1. 2. 3. 4. High Level Group of Innovators Simpler presentation of relevant support Making SME Instrument fully bottom up Adapting evaluation criteria to target market creating innovation 5. Focus on people and not on proposals 6. Mentoring and coaching 7. New types of support to fill the gap (mainly to attract private investment and facilitate scale-up) 8. Identify regulatory barriers in the innovation ecosystem 9. Working in partnership 10. Improve the user interface Research and Innovation European Innovation Council

Concluding Remarks The presentation has attempted: • to give an overview to the conceptual insights behind the 3 O s set by Commissioner Moedas. • to discuss how the introduction of these concepts will contribute o to ensure that research and innovation is at the core of European policy making and o to strengthen the innovation ecosystem. Research and Innovation Conclusions

Thanks for your attention! Maria da Graça Carvalho Maria-da-graca. carvalho 1@ec. europa. eu Research and Innovation Conclusions