Ongoing regional WIGOS projects in RA II and

Ongoing regional WIGOS projects in RA II and RA V and contribution of JMA Yoshiro Tanaka Observation Department Japan Meteorological Agency Preparatory meeting for the joint RA II/V Workshop on WIGOS for Disaster Risk Reduction Jakarta, Indonesia, 21 -23 April 2015

RAII WIGOS Implementation Plan and JMA contributing projects • • No. I Monitor and review the Implementation of EGOS- IP in RA II No. II Standard and best practise Portal No. III-1 Integration of Surface-based Remote Sensing Data in the East Asia No. III-2 Capacity Building in Radar Techniques in the Southeast Asia No. IV Enhance the Availability and Quality Management Support for NMHSs in Surface, Climate and Upper-air Observations No. V Develop a Sand Dust Storm Warning Advisory and Assessment System (SDS -WAS) in Asia Node No. VI Develop Support for NMHSs in Satellite Data, Products and Training

RAII WIGOS Project III-1 Integration of Surface-based Remote Sensing Data in the East Asia Key Regional Players: CMA, JMA, KMA Done n Review progress of relevant ongoing activities such as • Based on cooperation between Japan and Korea, a two-dimensional grid product of analyzed precipitation was generated by JMA experimentally using KMA’s CAPPI and AWS (Impact of data assimilation of the product in mesoscale NWP system is under investigation). • Dissemination plan for ground-based GNSS on WIS/GTS was discussed at joint meeting of APSDEU/NAEDEX in 2012 (currently, few stations available) n Identify technical difficulties in exchanging data for operational use based on lessons learned To be done n Keep monitoring relevant ongoing activities n Encourage exchanging data among members • KMA is preparing to expand GNSS data dissemination (collected domestically) up to 20 stations via WIS by 2016 n Find opportunities to discuss project and develop a feasible and optimal draft design of integrated surface-based remote sensing observations

RAII WIGOS Project III-2 Capacity Building in Radar Techniques in the Southeast Asia Background Ø NMHSs in Southeast Asia share common challenges for severe weather monitoring and forecasting. Ø Many radars in the region but not fully utilized. Ø Thailand Malaysia, as leaders of ASEAN Radar Composite Project, are to develop operational rainfall estimation/forecasting based on radar data for supporting disaster risk reduction.

Flood in Thailand Hat Yai, 2010 Oct - Nov Source : Summary Report On Urban Flood Risk Management Project (UFRM) , 2010 @ Typhoon Committee Secretariat

Flood in Malaysia 2014 Dec Kelantan & Terengganu http: //www. afpbb. com/articles/-/3035316? pid=14998958

Threefold benefits of Radar Composite Project in Southeast Asia ASEAN project u Achievement of SCMG u Symbol of strong cooperation within ASEAN member countries Mutual benefits of ASEAN Countries WIGOS project u Monitoring cross-border rainfall and severe weather u Management of major international rivers u Efficient early warning to support National Disaster Risk Reduction u WIGOS project (RA II) “Observing Systems Integration for Supporting Disaster Risk Reduction” ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee u Accuracy improvement of Tropical Cyclone positioning and advisories

Technical support to TMD by JMA (Typhoon Committee AOP) Ø 2011 TC expert mission visited Thailand (TMD Headquarters, Suvarnnabhumi and Rayong radar stations, 7 -9 Sept) Ø 2012 Attachment Training for TMD experts on radar composite techniques (Tokyo, Japan, 19 -22 Nov) Ø 2013 Technical Meeting on radar composite map for TMD and JMA experts (Tokyo, Japan, 25 -28 Nov) Ø 2014 Technical Meeting on radar composite map for TMD and JMA experts (Tokyo, Japan, 25 -28 Nov)

Recent Achievements

Technical meeting on radar composite map for Thailand (Tokyo, Nov 2013) Elevation Angles Composite Tables for 4 radars in Thailand - A key to produce high-quality image

Technical meeting on radar composite map for Thailand (Tokyo, Nov 2014) � Creation of EIL Parameter Radar data by elevation angle Clutter map Echo intensity at lowest level (EIL) � Statistics Verification Appearance count � Quality Check (QC) Adjust noise cut parameter, etc. Composite table Summation Select Adjust clutter map Adjust composite table

QC (noise cutting) Lmaphun radar improved Phitsanulok radar

Adjustment of pseudo CAPPI table (2014 Aug, Phisanulok radar site) Shadow area Noisy area improved

Achieved composite image

Discussion for simple QPE Techniques of simple QPE was shared with TMD. EX. Improving how to calculate calibration factor Raingauge Calculating a ratio of raingauge data divided by maximum radar data among the raingauge locating grid and its surrounding grid. Averaging the ratios in the whole radar sweeping area (= Calibration factor)

Operational QC scheme in JMA Radar data Central Radar Data Processing System (Automatic QC) monitor Improvement of radar system New products QPE Public No-echo command Radar operator (Manual QC) Design and plan installing radar system Development team Radar data comment Forecaster Management team of operational radar system

Achievements TMD reported at Typhoon Committee (2015) Composite map QPE hourly rainfall (2345 UTC, 18 JUL 2014)

Next Stage of the Project? Example of National Radar Composite imagery Thailand Malaysia Indonesia

ASEAN Radar Workshop (Bangkok, Thailand, Feb – Mar 2014) l l l The good first step toward ASEAN radar composite!! Proposed jointly by Malaysia and Thailand led by Japanese experts from JMA, radar manufacture and University

Active discussion by BMKG, MMD, TMD made the workshop successful !! BMKG radar experts

RAII WIGOS Project IV Enhance the Availability and Quality Management Support for NMHSs in Surface, Climate and Upper-air Observations Achievements (1 st round as a WIGOS pilot project) Ø July 2010 JMA/WMO Survey on the Surface, Climate and Upper-air Observations and Quality Management in RA II (Asia) Ø July 2010 JMA/WMO Workshop on Quality Management in Surface, Climate and Upper-air Observations in RA II (Asia) Ø June 2011 Survey report was issued as WMO IOM report (No. 111)

Achievements (2 nd round as a WIGOS regional project) Ø Dec 2011 JMA/WMO survey on Meteorological Instruments, Calibration and training in RAII (Asia) Ø Feb 2013 JMA/WMO Training Workshop on Calibration and Maintenance of Meteorological Instruments in RA II (ASIA) Ø 2015? Report to be issued as IOM report Additional Achievements (see following slides) Future plan (3 rd round from 2015) • JMA/WMO Survey on Quality Management (drafted) • JMA/WMO Training Workshop? • Report issued as IOM report?

WMO/JMA Survey on Meteorological Instruments, Calibration and Training in RA II (Dec 2011) *** Traceability to international standards *** Pressure Temperature (N = 21) *** Instrument type/method of National Meteorological Standards *** (N = 21) The survey (2011) revealed that Ø Less than 50% of Members (who responded the questionnaire) had national meteorological standards traceable to international standards. Ø Conventional instruments (mercury barometers etc. ) were still widely used operationally rather than electrical instruments.

Additional Achievement of regional WIGOS IP: JICA Technical Cooperation Project on Maintenance and Calibration of Instruments (Aug – Dec 2013) u Objectives To improve quality of meteorological observation of Bangladesh (BMD) by • Improving capabilities of maintenance and calibration • Achieving international traceability of meteorological standard instruments u Contents • Grant meteorological standard instruments (Barometer & Thermometer) • Conduct trainings on maintenance and calibration (at RIC Tsukuba and BMD HQ)

BMD Observatories

BMD has their instrument calibration system, BUT… • Not calibrated with international standards for around 30 years (last time in 1985? with India) • BMD’s 35 stations are not systematically calibrated (some were not calibrated for long years)

Intercomparison (JICA donated standard and Dhaka operational barometer) 1017. 0 0. 0 -0. 2 1015. 0 1013. 0 -0. 6 1011. 0 -0. 8 -1. 0 1009. 0 -1. 2 1007. 0 -1. 4 1005. 0 -1. 6 12: 00 15: 00 18: 00 21: 00 0: 00 3: 00 BMD 6: 00 9: 00 12: 00 Time (local time: UTC+6) JICA 15: 00 18: 00 Difference 21: 00 0: 00 3: 00 6: 00 Differense (h. Pa) Atmospheric Pressure (h. Pa) -0. 4

SYNOP input status JMA willing to support BMD from every possible aspects !! Comparison with JICA standard, Comparison with NWP 1 st guess WMO Lead Centre Monitoring

Standard Instrument Traceability is a key to achieve internationally reliable observation! SI National Standard WMO RIC Standard NMHS Standard Thermometer: 500 USD Barometer: 5, 000 USD Travelling Standard Operational Instrument ISO/IEC 17025

Trainings in Tsukuba and Dhaka Training at RIC Tsukuba, Japan On-site training at BMD HQ, Dhaka In 2014, BMD started instrument calibration services using newly provided meteorological standard and calibration equipment. It is expected that quality of surface observation in Bangladesh will be greatly improved shortly.

BMD, JICA and JMA are all happy because… Ø BMD improves their observation Ø JICA enjoys high cost-performance project Ø JMA supports NMHS with no cost NOTES: Bangladesh is not an exception. According to the WMO/JMA survey on meteorological instruments, calibration and training in RA-II (35 Members) carried out in Dec 2011, - 16 Members have standard instrument (pressure), 9 of which have international traceability - 14 Members have standard instrument (temperature), 6 of which have international traceability Summary: To reach WIGOS goal, this kind of very basic (low profile but extremely important) activities should be duly recognized and supported by WMO.

RAII WIGOS Project V Developing a Sand Dust Storm Warning Advisory and Assessment System (SDS-WAS) in Asia Node Key Regional Players: China, Japan, Republic of Korea Done n Dust forecast model has been continuously operated on a daily basis, consisting of NWP model with online parameterizations of atmospheric dust cycle n A portal for dust forecast products developed http: //eng. weather. gov. cn/dust/ n 4 th meeting of WMO SDS-WAS Regional Steering Group for Asia (Beijing, China, March 2015) To be done n Dust forecast model products verification needs to be carried out n CMA will apply for WMO RSMC with Activity Specialization on Atmospheric Sand Dust Forecasts (RSMC-ASDF)

RAII WIGOS Project VI Develop Support for NMHSs in Satellite Data, Products and Training Key Regional Players: Japan, Republic of Korea and other satellite operators in RA II Coordination Group members: Japan (Co-coordinator); Republic of Korea (Co-coordinator); Bahrain; China; Hong Kong, China; India; Kyrgyzstan; Maldives; Oman; Pakistan; Russian Federation; Uzbekistan; Viet Nam, RA V (observer) and EUMETSAT (observer) Mission This project assists NMHSs in RA II to make better use of satellite-related information. The major focus of the initiative is to facilitate the timely provision of satellite-related information by satellite operators themselves to users, i. e. , NMHSs in RA II, especially developing countries including LDCs. It is necessary to create synergy between other ongoing projects such as the WMO-CGMS Virtual Laboratory (VLab) and provide greater benefits while avoiding duplication of effort.

WIGOS project 1. Sat Operators 2. Coordinating Group 3. Users

Achievement and Future Done n Regular Newsletters for RA II Members • Four in 2013 • Four in 2014 n Asia/Oceania Meteorological Satellite Users’ Conference (AOMSUC) • 4 th AOMSUC (Melbourne, Australia, 9 -11 Oct. 2013) by Australian Bureau of Meteorology, with two day’s training event • 5 th AOMSUC (Shanghai, China, 19 -21 Nov. 2014) by CMA, with two day’s VLab training event • Roshydromet committed to be the 5 th sponsor To be done n Supportive activities to be prepared for satellite data users concerning the new generation of geostationary meteorological satellites n To establish a permanent secretariat for AOMSUC, preferably within the WMO Space Programme Office n 6 th AOMSUC to be held in Tokyo in 2015 n 7 th AOMSUC to be held in Korea jointly with AMS meeting in 2016 Issues to be considered p A key of the project is user readiness for next generation satellites to be operational in a few years Ø Himawari-8/9 Ø FY-4 Ø GEO-KOMPSAT

Thank you