OnePlate Single Component EN Bath MakeUp and Replenishment

One-Plate ® Single Component EN Bath Make-Up and Replenishment Systems Michael Feldstein Surface Technology, Inc. 1405 Lower Ferry Road Ewing, NJ 08618 www. surfacetechnology. com

Historic EN Systems ABC solutions §A § Nickel sulfate § 5% Make up and replenishment §B § Na. H 2 PO 4, complexers, stabilizers, p. H, etc. § 15% Make up §C § Na. H 2 PO 4, complexers, stabilizers, p. H, etc. § 10% Replenishment

Historic EN Systems M and R concentrate solutions § M § Complexers, stabilizers, p. H, etc. § 10% Make up §R § Complexers, stabilizers, p. H, etc. § 3 - 10% Replenishment § Commodity Solutions § Nickel Sulfate – 4. 5% make up and replenishment § Na. H 2 PO 4 - 4. 5% make up and replenishment

Historic Limitations § Why ABC’s? § To allow certain ingredient ratios at make up and during bath life § Especially stabilizers and brighteners § Complexing agents § p. H adjusters, buffers, etc. § To avoid combining the metal salt and reducing agent prior to introduction to the plating bath § Insuring the p. H compatibility of each ingredients for stability in shipping and storage

Historic Limitations § Logistical § § Ordering Shipping Inventorying Documentation § Usage § § Time/Effort Confusion Contamination Consistency § Consequences § Bath life and performance § Plating quality § Expense

Electroless Nickel In a New Light § Ro. HS, ELV, WEEE Regulations § Compelled the industry to respond § Replacement of lead and cadmium with non-heavy metal, less toxic, or non-metal stabilizers § Some of which operate in a wider range than Pb and Cd § Also got us over a first hurdle to an even bigger innovation

Breakthrough Solution Single Component solutions §Q § Nickel, Na. H 2 PO 4, complexers, stabilizers, p. H, etc. § Make up and replenishment § A solution of metal salts, reducing agents, complexers, stabilizers, etc. § Able to coexist in one solution § Stable and p. H compatible § Operate in a wide range where performance is independent of concentration in the bath § Capable of bath make up and replenishment

1 Q Replaces 3 ABC’s VS

Breakthrough Solution § Benefits § Simplified logistics § One component to order, ship, inventory instead of three or more § No spare material or wasted floor space § Drop in solution § § § Same tank Same pump, filters, etc. Same process Same analysis Same disposal Works well with dosing pump systems

Breakthrough Solution § Benefits § Less chance for confusion § Especially B / C § Less chance for contamination § Containers, pumps, dosing systems § § Greater consistency and productivity Labor time savings Low drag out OK for long idle times

Breakthrough Solution One-Plate® 1001 § § Mid Phos – Ro. HS Self-maintaining p. H Fully bright Hardness = 545 KHN 50 as plated, 944 KHN 50 after heat treatment § 3, 375 PSI tensile § Plating rate 0. 0008” – 0. 001” per hour § Bath life 10 -12 MTO (and longer at lower plating rate)

Flexibility and Practicality One-Plate ® 1001 + Ni. Slip 500 D-NP One-Plate ® 1001 § § Mid Phos – Ro. HS Self-maintaining p. H Fully bright Hardness = 545 KHN 50 as plated, 944 KHN 50 after heat treatment § 3, 375 PSI tensile § Plating rate 0. 0008” – 0. 001”per hour § Bath life 10 -12 MTO (and longer at lower plating rate) § 20 -25% PTFE § 0. 00035” per hour for 8 -9 MTO

Flexibility and Practicality One-Plate ® 1001 § § Mid Phos – Ro. HS Self-maintaining p. H Fully bright Hardness = 545 KHN 50 as plated, 944 KHN 50 after heat treatment § 3, 375 PSI tensile § Plating rate 0. 0008” – 0. 001” per hour § Bath life 10 -12 MTO (and longer at lower plating rate) One-Plate ® 1001 + CDC-D § 20 -40% Diamond § 0. 008 – 0. 0012” per hour for 10 -12 MTO

Flexibility and Practicality One-Plate ® 1001 § § Mid Phos – Ro. HS Self-maintaining p. H Fully bright Hardness = 545 KHN 50 as plated, 944 KHN 50 after heat treatment § 3, 375 PSI tensile § Plating rate 0. 0008” – 0. 001” per hour § Bath life 10 -12 MTO (and longer at lower plating rate) One-Plate ® 1001 + Ni. Plate 700 D § 20 -25% Silicon Carbide § 0. 0008” per hour for 10 -12 MTO

Flexibility and Practicality One-Plate ® 1001 § § Mid Phos – Ro. HS Self-maintaining p. H Fully bright Hardness = 545 KHN 50 as plated, 944 KHN 50 after heat treatment § 3, 375 PSI tensile § Plating rate 0. 0008” – 0. 001” per hour § Bath life 10 -12 MTO (and longer at lower plating rate) One-Plate ® 1001 + Ni. Slip 25 D § 10 -15% Boron Nitride § 0. 0007” per hour for 10 -12 MTO

Flexibility and Practicality One-Plate ® 1001 + Ni. Slip 500 D-NP One-Plate ® 1001 § § Mid Phos – Ro. HS Self-maintaining p. H Fully bright Hardness = 545 KHN 50 as plated, 944 KHN 50 after heat treatment § 3, 375 PSI tensile § Plating rate 0. 0008” – 0. 001” per hour § Bath life 10 -12 MTO (and longer at lower plating rate) § 20 -25% PTFE § 0. 00035” per hour for 8 -9 MTO One-Plate ® 1001 + CDC-D § 20 -40% Diamond § 0. 008 – 0. 0012” per hour for 10 -12 MTO One-Plate ® 1001 + Ni. Plate 700 D § 20 -25% Silicon Carbide § 0. 0008” per hour for 10 -12 MTO One-Plate ® 1001 + Ni. Slip 25 D § 10 -15% Boron Nitride § 0. 0007” per hour for 10 -12 MTO

1 Q Replaces 15 ABC’s VS

Flexibility and Practicality One-Plate ® 2001 § High Phos – Ro. HS § Self-maintaining p. H § Hardness = 487 KHN 50 as plated, 1, 004 KHN 50 after heat treatment § 4, 323 PSI compressive § Plating rate 0. 0004” per hour § Bath life 7 MTO (and longer without passing nitric acid test) One-Plate ® 2001 + Ni. Slip 500 D-NP § 20 -25% PTFE § 0. 0004” per hour for 5 MTO

1 Q Replaces 6 ABC’s VS

Future Developments § Variations – Commercialized § Low, medium and high phosphorous § Low metal concentration § Composite EN § Diamond, PTFE, BN, Si. C, Trace. Coat, others § Blackened EN § Nickel-Boron § Electroless Cobalt § Ro. HS § Ammonia free § PFOS free § Self regulating p. H

Thank you! Michael Feldstein – President and Director of Innovation Surface Technology, Inc. 1405 Lower Ferry Road Ewing, NJ 08618 www. surfacetechnology. com