On the Road to Complex Societies RIVER VALLEY

  • Slides: 11
Download presentation
On the Road to Complex Societies RIVER VALLEY CIVILIZATIONS

On the Road to Complex Societies RIVER VALLEY CIVILIZATIONS

Civilization � Complex � Five Society Characteristics 1. Advanced Cities 2. Specialized Workers 3.

Civilization � Complex � Five Society Characteristics 1. Advanced Cities 2. Specialized Workers 3. Complex Institutions 4. Record Keeping 5. Improved Technology

Advanced Cities � Larger Population � Center of Trade � Core of political, economic

Advanced Cities � Larger Population � Center of Trade � Core of political, economic and religious life

Specialized Workers � Surplus of food specialization � Specialization: development of specific skill �

Specialized Workers � Surplus of food specialization � Specialization: development of specific skill � Artisans, merchants, priests, metalworkers, government officials, scribes and soldiers

Complex Institutions � Institution: pattern of community organization � United population and created social

Complex Institutions � Institution: pattern of community organization � United population and created social order 1. Government- create laws 2. Economy- money, taxes, trade 3. Religion- temples/churches, priests& scribes, polytheistic › Involved economic and political affairs

Record Keeping � Need for WRITTEN language › Laws › Religious dates and rituals

Record Keeping � Need for WRITTEN language › Laws › Religious dates and rituals › Trade transactions and taxes � Cuneiform (Sumerian) › Pictographs on clay tablets Beginning of WRITTEN HISTORY � Natural Disasters � Wars � Reign of Kings � Literature

Improved Technology � � Use tools & technology to improve life (solve problems) Irrigation:

Improved Technology � � Use tools & technology to improve life (solve problems) Irrigation: way of watering fields to grow more crops � Bronze Age: 2500 B. C. Mix of tin and copper Used bronze to create tools and weapons Ex. Sumerian bronze spearheads

Road to Complex Settled Societies 1. Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers 2. Neolithic Revolution 3. Villages and

Road to Complex Settled Societies 1. Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers 2. Neolithic Revolution 3. Villages and Irrigation 4. Specialization and Trade 5. Need for Structure

1. Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers Clans of 10 -30 people hunt animals and gather foods, constantly

1. Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers Clans of 10 -30 people hunt animals and gather foods, constantly move to find food source 2. Neolithic Revolution Develop agriculture and domestication of animals FOOD SURPLUS --> POPULATION INCREASE

3. Villages and Irrigation Larger population builds permanent villages, food storage and town protection

3. Villages and Irrigation Larger population builds permanent villages, food storage and town protection (Catal Huyuk) Develop irrigation system to water fields 4. Specialization and Trade Special jobs/skills such as pottery, crafts, cloth, metal works- trade goods with other societies and make a PROFIT

5. Need for Structure Develop more COMPLEX government, education system and religion, Create WRITTEN

5. Need for Structure Develop more COMPLEX government, education system and religion, Create WRITTEN records of HISTORY COMPLEX SOCIETY