On July 23 1983 Air Canada Flight 143

On July 23, 1983, Air Canada Flight 143, a Boeing 767 jetliner, ran out of fuel at an altitude of 12, 500 metres (41, 000 ft)

METRIC-METRIC CONVERSIONS Conversions have never been so easy!

The SI units and other metric units can be modified by prefixes. Most SI units have no prefix (except for kg). An added prefix modifies the unit by some numbers (integers) of orders of magnitude.

ORDER OF MAGNITUDE? One order of magnitude is 10. Moving up one order of magnitude is moving 10 x up (or 101). Moving down is moving (1/10)x down (10 -1) Two orders of magnitude is 100 (102). Moving up 2 orders of magnitude is 100 x or down is 10 -2 x (1/100 x).

TO CONVERT METRIC UNITS FROM ONE PREFIX TO ANOTHER… Determine how your units will change by moving up or down orders of magnitude. The numerical value of your measurement will change in the opposite magnitude that your unit changed. If you moved up for your units, move down for your number the same order of magnitude.

Prefix Magnitude (abbrev. ) kilo (k) 103 hecto (h) 102 deka (da) 101 no prefix 1 (100) deci (d) 10 -1 centi (c) 10 -2 milli (m) 10 -3 -----10 -4 -----10 -5 micro (µ) 10 -6 -----10 -7 -----10 -8 nano (n) 10 -9

EXAMPLE: CONVERT 235. 5 MM TO METERS. Move units up 3 orders of magnitude to make mm m Prefix Magnitude (abbrev. ) kilo (k) 103 hecto (h) 102 deka (da) 101 no prefix 1 (100) deci (d) 10 -1 centi (c) 10 -2 milli (m) 10 -3 -----10 -4 -----10 -5 micro (µ) 10 -6 -----10 -7 -8

EXAMPLE: CONVERT 235. 5 MM TO METERS. Move number down 3 orders of magnitude 235. 5 to 235. 5 x 10 -3 m Prefix Magnitude (abbrev. ) kilo (k) 103 hecto (h) 102 deka (da) 101 no prefix 1 (100) deci (d) 10 -1 centi (c) 10 -2 milli (m) 10 -3 -----10 -4 -----10 -5 micro (µ) 10 -6 -----10 -7 -8

EXAMPLE: CONVERT 235. 5 MM TO METERS. Adjust your decimal/exponent so number is in proper sci. notation. 235. 5 x 10 -3 m = 2. 355 x 10 -1 m Prefix Magnitude (abbrev. ) kilo (k) 103 hecto (h) 102 deka (da) 101 no prefix 1 (100) deci (d) 10 -1 centi (c) 10 -2 milli (m) 10 -3 -----10 -4 -----10 -5 micro (µ) 10 -6 -----10 -7 -8

DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS HOW TO EXPERTLY CONVERT BETWEEN UNITS

DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS • Method to convert from one unit of measurement into another, relying on the facts that… 1. Multiplying any number by one does not change its value 2. Units are treated just like numbers in mathematical operations (they can be canceled out) 1. Meter x meter = meter 2, and meter/meter = 1

ONE-STEP UNIT CONVERSIONS •

• 242. 2 km/hr

MULTI-STEP CONVERSIONS • Sometimes many conversion factors are needed to get to an answer. • Find out what you have and what units you want to get. • Plan how you will link the units with conversion factors. (example: yrs days hr min, etc. ) • If a unit is placed in the denominator of one unit conversion factor, it will be placed in the numerator of the following conversion factor, and vice versa.

EXAMPLE • Convert 60. 0 mph to m/s • 1 mile = 1. 609344 km (exactly) 60. 0 miles 1. 609 km 1 hour 1 mile 1000 m 1 km 1 hour 3600 sec