Old Testament Introduction Canon Text What is the

Canon Chart JUDAISM Law Prophets Writings Genesis Joshua Psalms Exodus Judges Proverbs Leviticus Samuel

Hebrew Canon • When did the O. T. become scripture?

Hebrew Canon • Josiah— 2 Kings 22 – “Book of the Law” • Exile

Hebrew Canon • Ezra— Authoritative Torah!= • Judaism

Hebrew Canon • Dead Sea Scrolls— 1 st century BCE?

Hebrew Canon • Dead Sea Scrolls – Biblical Texts – Pesharim – Sectarian Texts

Hebrew Canon • New Testament – Most quoted OT book? – Non-biblical book quoted?

Hebrew Canon • Early Judaism – Main debate? – 22 or 24 book canon?

Hebrew Canon 39 Books (Today order) 22, 24 (Josephus, 22, Jerome accounting 24) Genesis,

• Scripture isn’t Scripture until … Someone says it is! •

Text and Language • Masoretic Text— Hebrew

Text and Language • Aramaic – ארע א or רץ ה א

Development of OT Text “Original” 300 Plurality (DSS) Septuagint 200 0 50 CE Uniformity

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Old Testament Introduction Canon & Text

What is the “Old Testament”?

Canon Cannon?

Hebrew Canon

Canon Chart JUDAISM Law Prophets Writings Genesis Joshua Psalms Exodus Judges Proverbs Leviticus Samuel Job Numbers Kings Song of Songs Deuteronomy The Twelve Ruth Isaiah Lamentations Jeremiah Ecclesiastes Ezekiel Esther Daniel Ezra. Nehemiah Chronicles

Hebrew Canon

Hebrew Canon • When did the O. T. become scripture?

Hebrew Canon • Josiah— 2 Kings 22 – “Book of the Law” • Exile

Hebrew Canon • Ezra— Authoritative Torah!= • Judaism

Hebrew Canon • Dead Sea Scrolls— 1 st century BCE?

Hebrew Canon • Dead Sea Scrolls – Biblical Texts – Pesharim – Sectarian Texts – Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha

Hebrew Canon • New Testament – Most quoted OT book? – Non-biblical book quoted?

Hebrew Canon • Early Judaism – Main debate? – 22 or 24 book canon? • Early Church – Jerome – Augustine

Hebrew Canon 39 Books (Today order) 22, 24 (Josephus, 22, Jerome accounting 24) Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers Deuteronomy 5 Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy 5 Joshua, Judges, I Samuel, I Kings, II Kings 6 Joshua, Judges, Samuel (I & II), Kings (I & II) 4 Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi 15 Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, the 12 Minor Prophets 4 Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of 13 Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, I Chronicles, II Chronicles Total Books 39 Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of 11 Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra -Nehemiah, Chronicles (I & II) 24

Canon Chart

• Scripture isn’t Scripture until … Someone says it is! •

How is the Bible like these?

Text and Language of the Old Testament

Text and Language • Masoretic Text— Hebrew

Text and Language • Aramaic – ארע א or רץ ה א

Text and Language • Greek— Septuagint

Development of OT Text “Original” 300 Plurality (DSS) Septuagint 200 0 50 CE Uniformity (MT) Church?